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… dead wood, show- ing the importance of that element in the ecosystem. Many are very immobile and so may well have died … and enclosing the SPAs is a large, recently declared marine reserve where fishing and anchorage are controlled by … Policy decisions include: ❚ The establishment of a marine reserve north of Minorca. In fact this is a true …

… and knowledge on how a river, wetland or coastal ecosystem will evolve under various flow conditions. Carry … such as rivers, wetlands, estuaries and near-coast marine ecosystems, provide a great variety of benefits to … measures in the international watercourses to preserve the marine environment, including the estuaries. There are …

… global climate change regulatory regime, 5.084 Promoting ecosystem-based adaptation, 5.085 Climate change justice and … and oceans as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems;  encourage action to implement and … nature-based solutions that build upon conservation and ecosystem-based mitigation and adaptation, and for IUCN to …

… and the UNFCCC recognise the importance of integrating ecosystem approaches into the responses to climate change, … ALSO RECALLING Aichi Biodiversity Target 15, calling for "ecosystem resilience and the contribution of biodiversity to … ecosystems and those in a good ecological state, including marine and terrestrial protected areas; actions aimed at …

… that soil has a fundamental role in the terrestrial ecosystem as a three-dimensional body performing a wide range … among all sources, including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological … Heritage 199 ■ 1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Waste and other Matter 200 ■ …

… 318 6. Protocol to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1996 … 1997 - Protocol to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, 1996, … ii) in cases of change resulting in loss of wetland ecosystem components, processes and services, but not leading …

… or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth of which at low tide does not exceed … with the maintenance of the natural properties of the ecosystem. The Convention Manual states that five major wetland types are generally recognized: Marine: coastal wetlands including coastal lagoons, rocky …

… in Harmony with Nature” Biological diversity underpins ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecosystem services essential for human well-being. It … and inland water, and 10 per cent of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for …

… in order to meet environmental needs and to maintain ecosystem services. 2.4. Causes of Low Groundwater Quality … when sea water ingresses in coastal areas due to rising marine levels caused by climate change and when … coastal aquifers in order to create hydraulic barriers to marine water ingression, by regulating surface water …

… NOTING that the IUCN Programme 2013–2016 advances ecosystem-based adaptation and ecosystem-based mitigation as two principal nature-based … programmes, along with international terrestrial and marine protected area organizations, indigenous peoples, …