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UN Watercourses Convention User’s Guide

… reading 223 Article 31 | Data and Information Vital to National Defence or Security 224 31.1 Commentary 224 31.1.1 … 228 32.1.1 Non-discrimination and Equality of Access to National Remedies 228 32.1.2 Availability of private domestic … and enter into consultations on activities in one state’s jurisdiction or control that are likely to significantly …
01 Jun 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Regional Sea Agreements

… marine protected areas, including areas that occur beyond national jurisdiction; 3. Human activities: assessment and development … measures and concrete and coordinated actions at the national, and regional levels for the conservation of the …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Offshore Hydrocarbon and Mineral Recovery - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… pollution from offshore activities and to ensure that national measures are no less effective than international … The Area covers the entire seabed beyond the limits of national jurisdiction and it is considered by the UNCLOS as common …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

The Law of the Sea

… created impetus for states to assert claims of national jurisdiction further from the coast, setting them on … whether it emanates from activities or areas under the jurisdiction of the notifying state or not; Article 202 …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

… bodies established under both conventions and national institutions of their contracting governments. … factory ships, land stations and whale catchers under the jurisdiction of the Contracting Governments and to all waters … This will require states to enact the necessary national legislation. https://iwc.int/iwcmain …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Instruments adopted under the auspices of FAO

… flag states have the obligation to exercise effective jurisdiction and control over administrative, technical and … fishing Illegal fishing refers to activities: conducted by national or foreign vessels in waters under the jurisdiction … of the applicable international law; or in violation of national laws or international obligations, including those …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Large Marine Ecosystem Mechanisms

… governance mechanisms 1. Introduction The United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) … coastal shipping; and tourism.” Source: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) – … with a mandate covering marine waters under national jurisdiction and addressing a large range of issues including …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

The Fish Stock Agreement - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… real litmus test remains, as always, implementation at the national and regional level. … engaged in unauthorized fishing within an area under the jurisdiction of a coastal State, the flag State of that … licences, authorizations or permits, Establishment of a national record of fishing vessels authorized to fish on the …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Document - Freshwater Law and Governance: Global and Regional Perspectives for Sustainability

… NBAN Northern Murray-Darling Basin Aboriginal Nations NFI National Forest Inventory NGO Non-Governmental Organisation … from many sources (e.g. international agreements, national, local and tribal laws, loan or contractual … in any proceeding, or inquiry, or matter within its jurisdiction under this treaty, and all parties interested …
01 Jun 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Vessel-Based Sources of Marine Pollution - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… 5 and 6 requiring states to create and enforce appropriate national laws implementing MARPOL; Article 5 requiring … force in 2007. The OPRC mandates that parties establish national measures to deal with vessel accidents that threaten … and persons undertaking land-based activities within their jurisdiction that might lead to pollution of the marine …
01 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater