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The Montreal Protocol's non-complance procedure

… // University of Eastern Finland The Montreal Protocol’s non-compliance procedure UEF // University of Eastern Finland … – Trade measures: bans and other restrictions for non-Parties •Multilateral Fund, technology transfer and … 2007 UEF // University of Eastern Finland Triggers •Party/Parties-to-Party •Self-trigger •Secretariat – Data …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

MEA Negotiator’s Handbook

… useful for negotiators working in other contexts, such as non-legally-binding instruments, including ministerial … and future generations (Principle 1) • renewable versus non-renewable resources (Principles 2 to 5) • ecosystems … only the Parties to a framework convention can become Party to a subsequent protocol (though this depends on the …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

International Environmental law-making and Diplomacy Review

… In addition, other stakeholders such as representatives of non-governmental organi- zations and the private sector may … punitive/enforcement-based in nature. The former regards non-com- pliance as resulting primarily from capacity … ‘comparable’ documentation requirements for trade with non-Party states under Art. X of CITES (Convention on …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Sources of international law (Part II) - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… in 1982 and the date it entered into force in 1994, non-parties to the treaty, in practice, followed many of the … Often, the term soft law is used as synonymous with non- legally binding instrument, but this is not correct. An … can be considered to represent hard law; however, a non- legally binding instrument does not necessarily …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Background document - 1995 United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement

… of stocks; mechanisms for international cooperation and non-members; monitoring, control and surveillance and compliance and enforcement; and developing States and non-parties.4 In regards to the latter, the Conference … a continuing dialogue to address concerns raised by some non-parties. In 2010, the resumed Review Conference conducted …
26 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling

… This means that whether or not a coastal state is a party to 1946 ICRW, it has a right under article 65 to … intentionally and as fisheries bycatch, by parties and non-parties alike. https://iwc.int/rmp 6. Developments It is … be limited to those members currently taking whales No new non-indigenous whaling would take place on whale species or …
26 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Guide for Negotiators of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

… in whole or in part and in any form of educational or non-proper services without special permission from the … of Pollution from Ships MOP Meeting of the Parties NGO Non-Governmental Organisation PIC Prior Informed Consent POPs … Guide only addresses MEAs. Basic Terms State: A country. Party: A State (country) that has ratified a treaty. …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

UN Watercourses Convention User’s Guide

… the UN General Assembly, the Convention on the Law of the Non- navigational Uses of International Watercourses (UN … pleasantly readable, concise and readily accessible to the non-expert reader – a hugely important achievement! Indeed, I … of the Convention to existing agreements where countries party to an existing agreement are also party to the …
26 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater