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Introduction to the Convention on Biological Diversity

… rise to EIA are central to international environmental law. In the wake of public outcry about environmental … development echoes general principles and concepts of customary law. The focus is embodied in many Multilateral … authority.” Thus, EIA reflects the “no-harm” obligation of customary law in the transboundary context. …
17 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Biological Diversity

Publication - An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 83 A n Explanatory G uide to the N agoya P … legislation or law (including common law as well as customary law). The authority of a government to determine … into consideration, in accordance with domestic law, ILC’s customary laws, community protocols and procedures, as …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

The Role of Indigenous and Local Communities

… 10(c) further requires states to “protect and encourage customary use of biological resources in accordance with … in Tinoc, Ifugao Philippines have been revitalizing customary land use and territorial management using … knowledge and strengthening customary practices and law, including biodiversity management plans and demarcation …
17 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Biological Diversity

Managing Natural World Heritage - World Heritage Resource Manual

… IUCN • Ben Boer, Emeritus Professor in Environmental Law, Australian Centre for Climate and Environ- mental Law, … referred to as traditional, indigenous, community, customary or practical knowledge) should be incorporated into … Areas surrounding the site with complementary legal and/or customary restrictions placed on use and development to give …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Major Components of the Nagoya Protocol - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… to take into consideration, in accordance with domestic law, ILCs’ customary laws, community protocols and procedures with … contractual clauses not to restrict, as far as possible, customary use and exchange of genetic resources and …
17 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Biological Diversity

An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

… UnionThe World Conservation Union IUCN Environmental Law Centre Ruth Mackenzie, Françoise Burhenne-Guilmin, … Parties to impose such restrictions. In accordance with customary international law as reflected in the 1982 UN … the coastal State’s territory. However, in accordance with customary international law and UNCLOS, the coastal State has …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Farmer's Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… and collective forms of social organization, including customary institutions for agro-ecological management, … farm-saved seed/propagating material, subject to national law and as appropriate. In addition to farmers, the wording … systems, thereby enabling them to continue with their customary practices for the conservation and sustainable use …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Farmer's Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… Varieties and Famers’ Rights. Challenges in taxonomy and law (ed) M. Halewood. Bioversity International, Earthscan … access by researchers or commercial users observes customary values and laws. It allows communities to establish … of unfair exploitation. The protocol agreement is based on customary norms and three main principles of the Andean …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Document - The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands: its History and Development

… in other international arrangements and in national law. Over the years following its adoption, there have been … at Morges and now at Gland. It also has an Environmental Law Centre in Bonn, Germany, and it has launched a World … D.A. Scott, was able to move on to this new task with his customary energy and efficiency. At an IWRB meeting in …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity