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… Partners GLO Contributing Partners THE ECONOMICS OF LAND DEGRADATION The objective of the United Nations Convention to … Agriculture 124 8 Water Resources 160 9 Biodiversity and Soil 190 10 Energy and Climate 212 11 Urbanization 226 12 … with the earth. We are losing far too quickly the water, soil, and biodiversity that support all life. At a time when …

… densities of the drylands and as a result face particular degradation challenges. • Where potential evapotranspiration … rainfall can be lost through evaporation from the dry soil surface, particularly when infiltration rates are low or … cover, including in terms of biodiversity, or through soil sealing). Molden and Oweis (2007) state that as much as …

… and does not require national implementing legislation. soil water: water that occupies the unsaturated zone directly … the water table, rests in the spaces between particles of soil and is immediately available to plants. static storage: … pollutants that accumulate with little or very slow degradation because the capacity of the environment to …

… in major aquifers, reducing stream flows and causing the degradation of ripar- ian and wetland ecosystems. The … and vulnerability of an aquifer is based on mapping of soil and rock characteristics. The water balance is estimated … generally has a protective cover provided by the soil and unsaturated zone • As development increases more …

… only those threatened by or suffering from the impacts of degradation. The fundamental basis for this shift is the … flowing along rivers is modified by topography, geology, soil type, vegetation cover, land use and other human … lost – primarily via evaporation from lakes, wetlands, the soil surface and wet vegetation, and through transpiration by …

… hurricanes as well as volcanic activity. Deforestation and degradation of the upper watersheds and of river banks has … the water and larger-scale farming has degraded the land. Soil erosion resulting from unregulated land use change has … numerous community pilot projects which addressed water, soil and environmental conser-vation. Eighty six pilot …

… as lakes, reservoirs and rivers, as well as from moist soil and other surfaces. Considerable amounts of water vapor … the ground through infiltration may be held in the soil, to eventually return to the surface through capillary … coastal and marine waters is necessary because their degradation threatens not only the health of important …

… of this Convention: (a) "desertification" means land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub- humid areas … means the terrestrial bio-productive system that comprises soil, vegetation, other biota, and the ecological and … human activities and habitation patterns, such as: (i) soil erosion caused by wind and/or water; (ii) deterioration …

… values to save costs and safeguard profits Ecosystem degradation leads to declining future profits, increasing … the water, meaning that it percolates ste- adily into the soil or runs off into streams and rivers gradually. Forest … understorey forest vegetation and leaf litter protect the soil from the impact of rain that falls through the canopy. …

… critical land and water resources and services. Ongoing degradation of water and land resources threatens the … variability is expected to exacerbate water scarcity, soil erosion and wetland degradation. In Cyprus, where … • Restoring or preserving mountain forests to reduce soil erosion and peak-flows; • Carrying out environmental …