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Global biodiversity outlook 4 - A mid-term assessment of progress towards the implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020
… by exploring innova- tive financial mechanisms, such as subsidy reform and payment for ecosystem services schemes, … outcomes (Targets 4 and 7) Box 3.3. Fertilizer subsidy reform in India The Government of India is taking … by exploring innovative financial mecha- nisms, such as subsidy reform and payment for ecosystem services schemes …
A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows
… on the value added to the genetic resources. So, the tacit subsidy or tilt is pro bioprospecting and contra … designed to ‘counter’ the effects of the foreign export subsidy.”30 The GATT definition of “export subsidy” applies whenever the patented biotechnologies are …