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Beyond access : Exploring implementation of the fair and equitable sharing commitment in the CBD

… is convicted, then the user government may charge a penalty (fine), which is paid into the user government’s … For this purpose, the difference between a “remedy” and a “penalty” is as follows: • “Penalty” describes any action intended to punish the offender …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Addressing the problems of access : Protecting sources, while giving users certainty

… ABS authorities does not provide a sufficient threat of penalty. Consequently, the threat of being detected breaking …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Case Study - Opportunities provided by the Nagoya Protocol in specific cases of the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and agricultural sector

… are shared • Annual research and financial reports • Penalty fees for breach of contract • Arrangements for the …
01 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Publication - An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… with, the use of sanctions could be considered, such as penalty fees set out in contractual agreements. F. Remedies …
01 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… with, the use of sanctions could be considered, such as penalty fees set out in contractual agreements. F. Remedies …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX