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ASEAN Handbook on legal cooperation to combat wildlife crime

… deprivation of four years imprisonment or a more serious penalty; or (b) as prescribed by national laws 4 Non-native … the table above it seems that all AMS provide a maximum penalty of 4-years or more, with Singapore being the sole … a poor indicator of deterrence, as the value of the penalty – even in those countries with the highest fines – …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Rule: Reforming water governance

… stated by the EU Water Framework Directive, enforcement of penalty provisions arising from statutory offences should aim … FOR NON-COMPLIANCE” Each violation should carry a penalty of a nature and gravity appropriate to the … reductions of a given percentage from the normal penalty are possible if the party committing the discharge …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation

… of offences gives the courts the discretion to match the penalty to the seriousness of the offence. 345 346 347 348 … as the local conditions in which it is committed. Keep penalty schedules updated. Subject to legal practice, the … for example, inflation, so that over the years the penalty will remain a relevant deterrent in contemporary …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Natural Resource Governance. Trainers' Manual

… the one remaining fish of either size will have to pay a penalty of two fish. If paying the penalty means that a fisher is left with less than two fish, …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Governance of Ecosystem Services. Lessons Learned from Cameroon, China, Costa Rica and Ecuador

… sectors or different activities, and complemented with a penalty system to promote compliance. A popular instrument is … permission needed for exploitation, but no specific penalty for exploitation violation Fishery Law, 2000 29 … without administrative permission, but no specific penalty for violation Wild Animal Protection Law, 1988 10, …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Improving governance of pastoral lands

… would normally set out the range and limits of monetary penalty for offences, as well as appeal provisions (Asian … they were in before the damage. For these reasons, the penalty of liability is, in principle, a type of compensation …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Legal frameworks for REDD: design and implementation at the national level

… period. This could manifest itself in the form of a penalty on landowners for non- compliance with the REDD … to a legal obligation on the buyer’s part, failing which a penalty will apply. On the supply side, if the contracting …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Negotiate: reaching agreement over water

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Legal aspects of Connectivity Conservation Volume 1 - A Concept Paper

… State to comply with the relevant EU law while imposing penalty payments or fines. In the 27 European countries that … from the State to correctly apply EU law. Large penalty payments can be imposed to persuade the State to … sections 3.2 and 3.3 of this Part, above. Under threat of penalty, direct regulation prohibits activities that cause …
01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

A Global Register of Competences for Protected Area Practitioners

01 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX