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A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows

… in many cases. The expectation of a much greater role of biotechnology in the world economy fueled much of the … features may be shared equally by the agricultural (green) biotechnology sector. None of these is the primary focus of … institutions to devote more resources to due diligence in biotechnology transactions, analyzing the required patent …
19 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

The legal framework for the management of animal genetic resources

… 50 3.1.10 Biotechnology innovation … living modified organisms (LMOs)12 resulting from modern biotechnology. It applies to the transboundary movement, … handling, transportation, packaging and identification of biotechnology-derived agricultural commodities destined for …
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IUCN Information Papers on Marine Genetic Resources

… of genetic resources, including through the application of biotechnology”, which in turn is defined as “any … on Biological Diversity EFB European Federation of Biotechnology EMbaRC European Consortium for Microbial … and Archaea (www.jgi.doe.gov/programs/GEBA ). Marine biotechnology seeks to identify novel products from marine …
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Access to and Transfer of Technology

… frameworks 6. International scientific cooperation 7. Biotechnology research 1. Tecnology for implementation of the … 7. Biotechnology research Article 19 on biotechnology requires parties to establish “...legislative, …
19 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Biological Diversity

An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… authority; � access to relevant technology, including biotechnology; and � access for the providing States to … from the use of genetic material in the development of biotechnology (Glowka et al., 1994, p.5). In the end, access … in a wide range of sectors, including the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, seed, crop protection, horticulture, cosmetic …
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Beyond access : Exploring implementation of the fair and equitable sharing commitment in the CBD

… to achieve fair and equitable benefit sharing. Value in biotechnology is often created by private users (including … • The implementation of the EU Directive on Patents in Biotechnology (EC/98/44),93 which implements ABS disclosure … 121 EUROPEAN COMMISSION: EU Directive on Patents in Biotechnology (EC/98/44); “Communication from the Commission …
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Contracting for ABS: The legal and scientific implications of bioprospecting contracts

… 218 5.2.1.1 Chemical prospecting projects 218 5.2.1.2 Biotechnology prospecting projects 220 5.2.2 Scientific … Shakeel Bhatti, who headed the Genetic Resources, Biotechnology, and Traditional Knowledge Section of the World … and co-signed by the Chairman of the Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Committee (of the Source Country). All …
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Addressing the problems of access : Protecting sources, while giving users certainty

… or benefit sharing. This is especially so in the case of biotechnology research that requires a strong compo- nent of … Guidelines for BIO members, developed by the Biotechnology Industry Association of the USA (see … Property Claims," In: Genomics, Proteonomics and Biotechnology, CESAGEN, United Kingdom. Osama, M. 2002. …
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Plant genetic resources and food security: stakeholder perspectives on the international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture

… and was the Research Director of the Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Research Centre (Cenargen/Embrapa) between 1987 … author or co-author of several books on the politics of biotechnology and biodiversity, Pat Mooney is widely regarded … and was the Research Director of the Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Research Centre (Cenargen/Embrapa) between 1984 …
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Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments

… plants themselves, seeds, breeding methods and plant biotechnology." (Janis & Kesan, 2001a, p. 981) Inventions. … in plant varieties 71 relating to plant breeding and biotechnology and its international trade objectives. These … 13.2(d)(ii)) This imposes an obligation in connection with biotechnology patents that is not imposed with other types of …
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