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Security considerations in the planning and management of transboundary conservation areas
… will often require close coordination between the military, police, intelligence agencies, and immigration and … e.V. IUCN The World Conservation Union MEDEVAC A military acronym for “medical evacuation” MoU Memorandum of … affected conservation areas especially when heavy military activity is involved. This can lead to dramatic cross-border …
IUCN World Heritage Outlook 2 - A conservation assessment of all natural World Heritage sites
… As a result these sites can generate additional monitoring activity and increased work under the World Heritage … Wood production Earthquakes/ Tsunamis Industrial/ Military Ef�uents Changes in traditional ways of life and … Lanes Commercial/ Industrial Areas War, Civil Unrest/ Military Exercises Solid Waste Household Sewage/ Urban Waste …
Wildlife Poaching: Africa's surging trafficking threat
… critical state insti- tutions such as the police and military. In South Africa, evidence has linked former members of elite police and military units to rhino horn trafficking.4 In the DRC, … leaders who often orchestrate the most extensive illegal activity but tend to be removed from on-the-ground poaching …
Transboundary protected areas for peace and co-operation
… ago. This publication represents the culmination of this activity, and specifically of the work done for and at vii … on TBPAs, particularly where a TBPA is being used for military or strategic purposes. Where possible, recommend … security; f) prevent or minimise any adverse impacts of military activities on TBPAs; and g) provide a tool for the …
A critique of transboundary natural resource management in Southern Africa
… Natural re- sources are a significant basis of economic activity in the region. In particular, tourism based on … project focus has overshadowed the necessity to devise non-military mechanisms for conflict resolution (Moyo and Tevera, … is peace and security. TBNRM could provide a non-military model for addressing conflicts and promoting …
The Enivronmental Crime Crisis - Threats to Sustainable Development from Illegal Exploitation and Trade in Wildlife and Forest Resources. A UNEP Rapid Assessment
… and resulted in a significant environmental, police and military effort to prevent eradication. It was combined with … in the 2000s. The peace agreements stipulated removal of military patrols in the park amongst the terms of peace … share of the coastal population engaged in this activity, including through corruption. Poaching is often …
Draft International Covenant on Environment and Development - Implementing Sustainable Development - Fifth Edition: Updated text (4th Revision)
… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 ARTICLE 40: MILITARY AND HOSTILE ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … of UNEP’s Environmental Law and Institutions Programme Activity Centre (ELI/PAC), has responded to UNCED’s … Martin Edwards (Canada) - Professor of Physics, Royal Military College; Former Member of IUCN Council J. Ronald …
Defenders of the Earth
… at least 43 killings – 33 by the police and 10 by the military –with private actors, such as security guards and … Other actors associated with murders of defenders were the military, settlers, loggers, hired gunmen and business … their activities ille- gal” or “the action of turning an activity into a criminal offence by making it illegal”. Both …
Forests and protected areas : Guidance on the use of the IUCN protected area management categories
… by accident 31 Ornamental gardens and arboreta 32 Military zones 32 Defining the status of corridors and buffer … reservation or verges of motorways, forest maintained for military or security reasons. GGuuiiddeelliinneess … Authority has limited influence over farming and forestry activity (though that is changing as grant schemes are …
Environmental Security and the Role of Law
… is both a cause and an effect of political tension and military conflict’:4 On the one hand, environmen- tal … increase the likelihood of conflict;5 and, on the other, military action itself causes en- vironmental degradation.6 … conditions resulting from a change ... caused by a human activity’.22 4 Main obligations The main obligations of the …