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The economic lives of smallholder farmers - An analysis based on household data from nine countries

… Africa do not produce as much as two hectares of good quality land in the Black Sea region. In Kenya, classifying … across countries. These differences arise due to soil quality, technology and productive assets, such as … in Sub Saharan Africa are characterized by declining soil fertility including the breakdown of soil structure, a …
18 Jun 2026 Literature

Scientific Assessment Report - UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution - Summary for policy makers

… 95% of the EU population is living in areas above WHO air quality guideline levels of PM2.5 and ozone (O3) The loss in … indicate regions with a high degree of accumulation in soil and ecosystems (source: /CCE) Air pollution is more than … and developments in transport and livestock. Future air quality could profit from climate and energy measures or an …
18 Jun 2026 Document in Climate and Atmosphere

Economic measures for biodiversity planning: An annotated bibliography of methods, experiences and cases

… in Zimbabwe by valuing the loss of forest stock and soil erosion. The results show that traditional measures … Industry Topics: Environmental accounting, Valuation, Soil erosion, Economic policies #6. Adhikari, A. P., … has yielded new insights, weak methodology and poor-quality The Use of Economic Measures for Biodiversity …
18 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Governance of Shared Waters - Legal and Institutional Issues

… instru- ments should be focused on preserving the overall quality of water and securing the abundance of environmental … cities are built and the earth is cultivated using water, soil and biodiversity. In this respect, each one of us lives … land is drained down into the river or infiltrates the soil and reaches subterranean water reserves, also known as …
18 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Land Degradation Neutrality: implications and opportunities for conservation - Nature based solutions to desertification, land degradation and drought

… and complexity of land, reducing carbon storage in soil and vegetation, driving the loss of biodiversity and … services. Reduced ecosystem function, and in particular soil quantity and fertility, decreases ecosystem resilience. … where it is defined as a “state whereby the amount and quality of land resources necessary to support ecosystem …
18 Jun 2026 Literature

Explaining Ocean Warming: Causes, scale, effects and consequences

… cooperative programme (Argo) to measure in real-time high quality data on temperature, conductivity (for salinity) and … Ocean warming effect Consequences Warming air and soil temperatures, longer growing seasons, and higher minimum … that combine to account for about half of the total marine soil carbon stocks (Duarte et al., 2005). Globally, …
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From reference levels to results reporting: REDD+ under the UNFCCC

… in developing countries SAE stratified area estimate SC soil carbon SMF sustainable management of forests TA … definition might also have been influenced by the type and quality of historical data available for constructing … biomass • Belowground biomass • Dead wood • Litter • Soil carbon • Carbon dioxide (CO2) • Carbon monoxide (CO) • …
18 Jun 2026 Literature

GEO yearbook 2003

… the future hold? Have we made progress in improving the quality of the air we breathe, and slowing the rate of … nutrients are released from the ash and returned to the soil, and new grass growth is stimulated. However, these … Environment Betsiboka Estuary, Madagascar: Flooding and soil erosion Tropical Cyclone Gafilo hit northern Madagascar …
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Helping nature help us - Transforming disaster risk reduction through ecosystem management

… and 3) the vulnerability, for example, level of poverty, quality of infrastructure, etc. (Renaud et al., 2013): … al., 2012 Tsunami Island Loss of sand dunes, increase in soil salinity, coastal pollution, destruction of corals, … provision of ecosystem services and benefits. For example, soil and freshwater salinisation in cases of tsunamis will …
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Nature-based solutions to address global societal challenges

… street trees, vegetated drainage basins) to improve air quality, support wastewater treatment, and reduce stormwater … connectivity between protected areas, protecting water and soil resources, and reinforcing cultural values (Mansourian & … Solutions to address global societal challenges improve soil fertility, stabilize slopes, regulate stream flow and …
18 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX