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… 4. IUCN defines a protected area as ‘An Area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and … regional action was first called for, leading to broadly based requirements for protected areas to be created as … the requirement to create protected areas in coastal and marine areas has become standard; n standard also has become …

… to value ecosystems when choices are made about allocating land, resources and investment funds can incur far-reaching … of the richest and most extensive tropical coastal and marine ecosystems in the world. It is therefore hardly … techniques, habitat clearance and conversion, and land-based and marine sources of pollution have all taken their …

… natural monument, which can be a landform, sea mount, marine cavern, geological feature such as a cave, or a living … is seen as one of the main aims The category should be based around the primary management objective(s), which … global coverage of protected areas approaches 20% of the land surface and 10% of the sea surface, more and more …

… and Institutions 62 5.2.3 Poorly-adapted Legal Regimes for Land Tenure and Resource Use 64 5.2.4 Jurisdictional and … Powers 118 9.2.2 Under-representation of Coastal and Marine Protected Areas 121 9.2.3 Relationship Between Strict … Scientific Interest 148 11.3 Conservation Strategies Based on Public Acquisition of Wetlands 150 11.4 Legislative …

… sea; EMPHASIZING that most ecosystem services provided by marine and coastal ecosystems are within continental and … of economic activities and human-related pressure (land-based pollution, coastal development, etc.); CONCERNED by the …

… and top-down strategies 47 3.2.4 The role of NGOs 49 3.2.5 Land tenure factors 50 3.2.6 Choosing instruments 51 Key … of agreements 128 Key messages 130 3.5 Economic and market-based instruments aiding connectivity conservation 130 … Market creation 138 Key messages 141 4 Special issues for Marine Connectivity 143 Introduction 143 4.1 Defining marine …

… and develop an open trading system that is rule-based, predictable and non- discriminatory. Biosecurity1 … from all sources, including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological … Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities; • United Nations Framework Convention …

… te rs /R od i S ai d Heavily reliant on weather, climate, land, and water for its ability to thrive, agriculture is … Nations (FAO) to enhance the resilience of agriculture-based livelihoods to natural disasters. The study forms a … Pam, which hit Vanuatu in 2015, caused severe damage to marine and coastal ecosystems such as coral reefs and …

… then Principal Legal Adviser and Chief, Biodiversity and Land Law and Governance Unit at the UNEP-Division of … 318 6. Protocol to the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter 1996 … validity; iv) conducting physical examinations of goods, based on a policy of risk assessment and targeting; v) …

… Ecosystem Management Series No. 9 Ecosystem-based adaptation and lessons from the field Edited by Ángela … Approach – a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that places human needs at … Chapter 8 - Ecosystem-based Adaptation in the Seaflower Marine Protected Area, 99 San Andres Archipelago, Colombia A …