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POPs-free initiative

… listed under annex A of the Convention with a specific exemption. Paxymer™ A flame retardant system, entitled …
26 May 2026 Document

Publication - An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… to acts done: ! privately and for non-commercial purposes (exemption for subsistence farmers); ! for experimental purposes (the so-called research exemption); or ! for the purpose of breeding other varieties (the so-called breeder’s exemption). 29 Since its adoption, the International …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Introduction to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… tion’ and the ‘farmers’ privilege’ clauses. The breeders’ exemption clause stipulates that a breeder’s authorization is … commercial cash crop farming.25 Insofar as the breeder’s exemption clause al- lows for further agricultural research … to as ‘plant breeders’ rights’. l The so-called ‘breeders’ exemption clause’ under the UPOV Convention stipulates that a …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

A guide to designing legal and institutional frameworks on alien invasive species

… (payment linked to results or ‘outputs’); • reduction or exemption from land taxes in re- turn for similar …
26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security

26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Obligations - The 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… and consumption of ozone-depleting substances. This exemption is granted under article 5 of the Protocol, which …
26 May 2026 Course lesson in Climate and Atmosphere

International ocean governance: Using international law and organisations to manage marine resources sustainably (revised)

… were applied to contain an oilspill. (Article 196.2) This exemption is intended to cover a situation where the need for …
26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows

… of the genetic resources they work with. • The breeders’ exemption in plant breeders’ rights legislation still … concepts, although the desirable extent of the breeders’ exemption has been discussed for many years now. These …
26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Developing gender‐equitable legal frameworks for land tenure

… the exemption of customary  law  from  …
26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Integrated coastal management law: Establishing and strengthening national legal frameworks for integrated coastal management

… geography, topography or other conditions which merit exemption as laid down in article 21 of the law, and … ownership or recognized as private by existing laws - an exemption which excludes at least 25 to 30 percent of the …
26 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX