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Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments

… and structure of the international intellectual property system … 5 1.3.4. The "minimum standards" framework of multilateral IPR agreements … plant varieties with either patents or a sui generis system of intellectual property protection. Part II also … Limited treaty obligations The drafters of the first multilateral intellectual property treaties quickly realized, …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Farmer's Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… Certain provisions linked to benefit sharing under the Multilateral System are also supportive of Farmers’ Rights. 1 See the … Artcicle 9.2b might mean in practice. Article 18 on the Multilateral System on Access and Benefit Sharing provides …
25 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

The Funding Strategy of the International Treaty

… PGRFA collections ex situ; promoting an efficient global system of ex situ conservation; promoting the regeneration, … and that incorporates material accessed from the Multilateral System, shall pay an equitable commercialization … of Action is also linked to the Funding Strategy and the Multilateral System of the International Treaty, with Article …
25 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

IUCN Information Papers on Marine Genetic Resources

… of existing instruments and the possible development of a multilateral agreement under the United Nations Convention on … on Genetic Resources, Experiences and Best Practices: Multilateral approaches aiming to ensure equitable access to … to a certain extent, a comprehensive and authoritative system/regime for exchanging information is still lacking, in …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Addressing pollution: Governance frameworks, challenges and oppotunities in the context of the 2030 Agenda

… regional environmental agreements and national regulations Multilateral environmental agreements and UN resolutions … pollution, including among non-state actors. A number of multilateral environmental agreements address different types … development of an overall, preventive chemicals management system in every country; it also aims to address a set of …
25 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Groundwater in international law: Compilation of treaties and other legal instruments

… for the Utilisation of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) -Terms of Reference for the Monitoring and … Watercourses [New York, 21 May 1997] ...... 19 ii. Multilateral Treaties … and Albert E. Utton, only three legal instruments – all multilateral – could be identified. Chapter III contains …
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An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

… Simplified procedure 97 Article 14 Bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements and arrangements 99 Box 28. Example … movements between Parties and non-Parties in selected multilateral environmental agreements 154 Box 43. … regime a prerequisite for an efficient regulatory system: biosafety cannot be achieved without a coordinated …
25 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

An explanatory guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

… Simplified procedure 97 Article 14 Bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements and arrangements 99 Box 28. Example … movements between Parties and non-Parties in selected multilateral environmental agreements 154 Box 43. … regime a prerequisite for an efficient regulatory system: biosafety cannot be achieved without a coordinated …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

International trade rules and the agriculture sector: selected implementation issues

… Pagina 1 FOREWORD The conclusion of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations marked a turning point in the … Authority HS Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System IGAD Intergovernmental Authority on Drought and … in most other sectors that have been the subject of multilateral negotiations, especially industrial goods. While …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Depend on nature: Ecosystem services supporting human livelihoods

… natural resource management 27 3. Mainstream the multilateral environmental agreements in development planning … sustainable use of natural resources. 3. Mainstream the multilateral environmental agreements in development planning … predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system. Includes a commitment to good governance, …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX