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Legal frameworks for REDD: design and implementation at the national level

… including such legal domains as property, investment and tax law, all of which must be well-integrated and adaptive to … The persistent availability of various subsidies, tax incentives, and under-priced public lands and natural … and often fragments of such policies remain in tax and property codes, undermining new national carbon …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows

… can illustrate this point by a counterexample: a misguided tax on the bioprospecting of plants would not level the … tricks is common in Big Pharma. For example, to secure tax relief from the “American Jobs Creation Act” in October … Berenson, A. 2005. “Drug companies reaping benefits of tax loophole.” The New York Times, 8 May, A1. Cary, N. 1999. …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Transitioning to a pollution-free planet

… air pollution related deaths by 55 per cent and a carbon tax in China could reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 30 per … challenges, the Government of Chile adopted a General Tax Reform Bill in September 2014, which introduced three new … allocated to the general budget. • A carbon dioxide tax of $5/ton on emissions from stationary sources with …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

RAMSAR Handbook 3: Laws and institutions

… organizations (e.g., contracts, conservation easements or tax provisions)? e) Where development involves wetland loss … use (e.g., mandatory wetland drainage or financial and tax incentives for conversion)? b) Which measures indirectly … purposes. Alternatively, it may provide for subsidies/tax incentives for drainage, infilling or conversion, without …
17 Jun 2026 Document

Vital Waste Graphics 3

… may be included, among others, in production costs and tax. But for complex reasons related to the market and … and administrative resources needed to implement such a tax system are far too heavy for many contexts. Reducing … to waste output. is proportional to waste produced; Waste tax: AUSTRIA LI. ITALY FRANCE FRANCE GERMANY In the canton of …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Chemicals and Waste

Manual of Compliance with and Enforcement of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

… 421 Tax Incentives … under economic instruments. These include, for example tax and tariff systems, subsidies, and various creative … and agencies, including environmental authorities, tax, customs and other relevant officials at different levels … that use market forces, e.g. fees, tradable permits, tax incentives, subsidies, pollution taxes etc. to achieve …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Issues in water law reform

… von Weizacker, E.U. and Jesinghaus, J. (1992), Ecological tax reform for sustainable development. Zed Books, London and … current value used as the basis for calculating the land tax, which was and still is much lower than the real value of … 88 The National Waters Law and its By Laws 90 Federal Tax Law 92 Other Components of the Mexican Water Legislation …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

International trade rules and the agriculture sector: selected implementation issues

… many African government parastatals, they are created to tax the domestic industry and imports for revenue generation … and distribution of items with particular health or tax implications such as tobacco and alcohol. 32 (e) … traders do not benefit from.44 Moreover, STEs also enjoy tax benefits, transport subsidies, preferential foreign …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Wildlife and Forest Crime Toolkit (Revised Edition)

… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.4 Tax evasion and non-payment of duties and other fees . . . . … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.4 Tax evasion and non-payment of duties and other fees . . . . … fraudulent marking and stamping), money-laundering, tax evasion and corruption. However, there is a simple …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Persistent Organic Pollutants: Contaminated Site Investigation and Management Toolkit

… Remediation Goals 15 1.8 Sustainable Remediation 16 1.9 Tax and Non-tax Incentives 16 1.10 Future in Environmental Policy and … module also covers how remediation can be facilitated by tax and non-tax incentives, institutional arrangements and …
17 Jun 2026 Document