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… It is part of the growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity and aims to support conservation, resource use, … grow to much larger sizes than related taxa in non-polar regions (Chapelle & Peck, 1999). 4.2.4 Abiotic … 109:143–171. Chapelle, G. and Peck, L.S. (1999). ‘Polar gigantism dictated by oxygen availability’. Nature …

… networks of marine protected areas (MPAs), Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 on terrestrial and marine protection … having no extractive activities; RECOGNISING that Aichi Biodiversity Target 11 further recommends that conserved … Treaty); and c. include Antarctica in its policy and polar priorities and to mobilise adequate resources for this …

… UN Member States on occassion of the High-level Meeting on Biodiversity, 22 September 2015 • 5th edition released as … zones; (d) marine and coastal ecosystems; (e) glaciers and polar regions . ARTICLE 26 ECOSYSTEM APPROACH Parties shall … Seals Convention (1957), Article III(1)(d) and (e) of the Polar Bears Agreement (1973), Article 12 of the Protocol to …

… 2. Biodiversity … in the compilation: (a) Air pollution and air quality; (b) Biodiversity; (c) Chemicals and wastes; Compilation of … take appropriate action to protect the ecosystems of which polar bears are a part, with special attention to habitat … and feeding sites and migration patterns, and shall manage polar bear populations in accordance with sound conservation …

… ocean health and to enhance the contribution of marine biodiversity to the development of developing countries, in … varies by depth and region, and is typically lower in polar and deep waters due to lower temperatures, making polar areas more vulnerable to the combined impacts of …

… environment and development challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and … for several months per year. Waters south of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF, Antarctic Convergence), are the destination … That in turn has caused alteration of the placement of the polar jet. The main result of the latter is intense warming …

… to adaptation and disaster risk reduction are the use of biodiversity and ecosystem services to help people to adapt … aspects of adaptation as part of the IUCN Marine and Polar Programme under the IUCN Programme 2013–2016; 2. URGES …

… for conserving areas of high, valuable, sensitive or rare biodiversity that are potentially threatened is well … may be found in three distinct global locations(4): 1. in polar regions, where temperatures are cold enough for onshore … apparently contains significantly more methane than polar region gas hydrate(3). The methane content of the …

… 2.1.1 Threats to High Seas Biodiversity and Productivity 2.1.2 The Need for … such as seamounts, hydrothermal vents and coldwater/polar areas and to improve implementation of the legal … will cause loss of oceans productivity particularly in the polar seas and over coral reefs. management. High seas MPAs …

… production 2016). Even in the most remote areas of the polar ice caps, the deep abyssal ocean and high mountains, … land and water is causing shifts in ecosystems and loss of biodiversity; plastics in the ocean is on the rise and there … pollutants contribute to air pollution and loss of biodiversity (Vet 2014). Similarly there have been great …