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Governance of Protected Areas: From understanding to action

… planet Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No.20 IUCN WCPA’s BEST PRACTICE PROTECTED AREA GUIDELINES … three-quarters of the protected area – the 75 per cent rule. The management categories are applied with a typology … areas without incurring unnecessary costs or causing harm. • Governance can ensure that protected areas are better …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Rights-based approaches - Exploring issues and opportunities for conservation

… deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) mechanisms. No one blueprint for RBA emerges. However, there are common … fundamental freedoms can be realised. Accountability and rule of law: States and other duty bearers have • obligations … on people’s enjoyment of their basic rights and avoiding harm to vulnerable people—in all cases. In this sense, …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Handbook of The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer

… warned that human-generated chlorofluoro- carbons could harm the ozone layer and would, if their use continued … are party. 3. The provisions of this Convention shall in no way affect the right of Parties to adopt, in accordance … its second meeting, decided: (a) To amend paragraph 2 of rule 6 as follows: Delete the words “in matters of direct …
25 May 2026 Document in Climate and Atmosphere

A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows

… and Monitoring their International Flows ABS Series No. 3 Manuel Ruiz Muller and Isabel Lapeña, Editors IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 67/3 A Moving Target: Genetic Resources and Options for … present our research in an accessible way, without doing harm to our absolute standard of legal correctness. Although …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Risks from Maritime Traffic to Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea. Identification of Issues and Possible Responses

… If EEZs were established throughout the Mediterranean Sea, no area would fall beyond national jurisdiction (i.e. no area would be high seas). Not all Mediterranean coastal … as it would eliminate ‘high seas’ and thereby improve the rule of law in the basin if all Mediterranean coastal states …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

… uses of the oceans that had emerged but also because it no longer reflected the needs and interests of the … of ‘pollution of the marine environment’ encompasses “harm to living resources and marine life.” Whereas measures … Two provisions in part XII are exceptions to this general rule. First, article 194(5) requires all states, when they …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Mediterranean strategy for sustainable development 2016-2015: Investing in environmental sustainability to achieve social and economic development

… Goals in most Mediterranean countries. Climate change is no longer considered an environmental or scientific issue but … energy and transport, and delivering sustainable no/low regret adaptation measures across all vulnerable … horizontally, with different parallel yet interlinked rule-making systems. This extends to putting in place multi- …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Illicit wildlife trafficking: An environmental economic and social issue

… and do not necessarily reflect the views of UNEP. ISSUE NO 14 2 May 2014 most iconic wildlife species, but wildlife … development, engenders corruption and undermines the rule of law, putting national and potentially even … defines MLR crime as “criminal conduct that may cause harm to the marine living environment, typically offences …
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Contracting for ABS: The legal and scientific implications of bioprospecting contracts

… www.iucn.org/law IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 67/4 Contracting for ABS: The Legal and Scientific … present our research in an accessible way, without doing harm to our absolute standard of legal correct- ness. … The ‘legal authority’ element is based on the simple rule is that one may not sell something that does not belong …
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Evaluation of Mexican Environmental Law Enforcement and Compliance after NAFTA

… substitute investment in compliance with the unfulfilled rule of law for an administrative sanction.16 In addition, … ten years. Furthermore, it should be noted that there is no real difference between the kinds of behavior considered … (popular complaint), any matter that could result in harm to the environment or natural resources, or that …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX