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… to more intensified production. In contrast to traditional farming systems where agricultural inputs were mainly … such as agricultural crops and their wild rela- tives, livestock, forest and fishery resources. It furthermore … such as agricultural crops and their wild rela- tives, livestock, forest and fishery resources. It furthermore …

… plant diversity has been the raw material that enabled farming systems and agriculture to evolve. Food plants have … contributes to reducing genetic vulnerability, as diverse farming systems are more resistant to pests, diseases and … of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) 27 280 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) 19 215 International …

… use of biodiversity, including their leading role in farming and forest conservation, as well as in the … work away from their lands and resources, women’s role in farming and in the management of family and community … responsible for the management and reproduction of small livestock.7 Despite the availability of much information, …

… or cultures/countries 7  Women are the main domestic, farming and health care water users world-wide – they manage … they use water, including for clothes washing, drinking, livestock and gardening (Cleaver, 1998). Failing to capture … because she developed and profited from innovating fish farming in wet paddy land, increasing the household income …

… are semi-natural lands that may be managed primarily for farming, timber, recreation or other human uses, but provide … 0 Provision of specific gene pools for crop and livestock adapta- tion to climatic variability 0 Enhanced … 0 Conservation of genetic diversity of crop varieties and livestock breeds Conservation of medicinal plants used by …

… Annual crops – Shifting agriculture – Small-holder farming – Agro-industry farming Perennial non-timber crops – … – Small-holder plantations – Agro-industry plantations Livestock farming and ranching – Nomadic grazing – … by habitat protection, including a fenced area to exclude livestock and manipulation of irrigation water to minimize …

… areas for the production of food-stuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installation and supplies and … quality and productivity of soil that communities use for farming, and contaminates water that people use for fishing, … physically removing and threatening to remove their livestock, and by permitting or acquiescing in gold …

… their land capacity to grow more crops and feed more livestock. Poor farmers resort to deforestation, especially … It also exacerbates the issue of overfishing and depleting livestock, which poses a serious threat to food security and …

… peo- ple livelihoods • Changing crop yields • Spread of livestock disease and pests Asia  alpine glaciers • … intact mangroves is 70% greater than revenues from shrimp farming and aquaculture on lands cleared of mangroves … for example, have developed activities such as extensive livestock farming, which intensifies the use of natural …

… 4(7): e208. Pain, D. J. and Pienkowskil, M. W. (1997) Farming and birds in Europe: the Common Agricultural Policy … Soviet Union in 1991 (e.g. a substantial decrease in state livestock numbers in Kazakhstan led to significantly higher … (e.g., of raptors scavenging carcasses poisoned to kill livestock predators) and deliberate (e.g., of waterbirds …