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… gaps and deficiencies at multiple levels. First, there is no single overarching normative framework that sets out what … environmental law is sparse. The existence of a rule of customary international law requires that there be a … Smelter arbitration,15 the prevention of transboundary harm has been framed as a principle in foundational …

… of environmental protection”, a field in which there was no lack of international instruments or scholarly attention, … by international law, namely, Prevention of Transboundary Harm from Hazardous Activities (see A/56/10 and Corr.1, para. … Pollution. The protocols reveal significant innovations in rule-making. The first Sulphur Protocol (1985) required …

… of the General Assembly, Seventieth session, Supplement No. 10 (A/70/10), chap. V, paras. 45-54. … the Commission on the topic of prevention of transboundary harm. 23 Information provided by Member States 8. In chapter … That maxim has become the basis for the so-called “no harm rule”, a prohibition of harmful transboundary impacts in the …

… 39 2. No significant harm … by 2050, to thrive let alone survive will depend in no small part on how freshwater resources are managed over … body would be captured under the more specific companion rule related to pollution prevention and abatement, discussed …

… of the General Assembly, Sixty-eighth Session, Supplement No. 10 (A/68/10), para. 168. The topic was included on the … effects of such a nature as to endanger human health, harm living resources and ecosystems and material property … the concept of common concern does not imply a specific rule of conduct for States, 96 it is difficult to conceive …

… Services Section, Nairobi – ISO 14001:2004-certified D1 No.: 15-03568/50 Copies I I I C O M P E N D I U M O F G O O D … Obligations Relating to Transboundary Environmental Harm........................................101 Obligations … to the outcomes of the global symposium on environmental rule of law hosted by the UN Environment Programme; a call …

… Issues IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 58 rev. IUCN_EPLP_58rev_fin_ENG_RZ.indd 1 28.09.2011 … States. What is necessary is to promote knowledge of the rule of law and of what such rules actually regulate. This … necessary measures to prevent, reduce or control damage or harm to the aquatic environment whenever there is the risk of …

… of the Parties, May 2000. 3 FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 327. 4 FAO, 1998. Foreword v publications including: "The … 38. In force on 18 August 1990. 1989 ILO Convention No. 169 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in … 3.5.2. Duty to Prevent, Reduce and Control Environmental Harm …

… of care recognized in order to reasonably avoid committing harm to another state. Equitable and reasonable utilization: … with honest intent, fairness and sincerity, and with no intention of deceit. Entry into force: A treaty comes or … states which ratify and implement the UNWC will see no change in their fundamental obligations. However, they …

… and Lothar Gündling Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 40 IUCN - Environmental Law Centre A Contribution to the … 45 4.5.4 Concepts of Threat and Harm (“Invasive” and “Pest”) … National Biodiversity Strategy recommends as an ‘action rule’ that future in- troductions of alien species for …