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Illicit wildlife trafficking: An environmental economic and social issue
… engenders corruption and undermines the rule of law, putting national and potentially even international … through corruption and the breakdown in the rule of law. Wildlife crime, and the subsequent loss of natural … the criminal world is that it has tended to be viewed as a soft crime, with relatively low levels of enforcement effort …
UN Environment foresight brief: marine plastics litter and microplastics
… EPS) (Polyvinyl chloride, PVC) (Cellulose acetate) Soft drink bottles (Polyethylene terephtalate, PET) Textiles … Protocol) 1982 United Nations Convention on Oceans and the Law of the Sea 1992 Helsinki Convention on the Protection of … S/60/L.22 (2005) and A/63/L.42 (2008) on oceans and the law of the sea, and Resolution A/60/L. 31 (2005) and …
Safe Havens: Protected Areas for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation
… the storms and also where traditional plants are found. Soft approaches of EbA by protecting the ecosystem from … recognized, and it was re-categorized by the Guatemalan Law of Protected Areas in 1989 as a Multiple Use Natural … on coastal management options which have found support for soft engineering techniques that help retain the natural …
Assessing the international forest regime
… Regime Edited by Richard G. Tarasofsky IUCN Environmental Law Centre IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 37 … either based on legally binding instruments or on “soft law”, are ultimately aimed at the national level, “... … of the obligations. While the IPF Proposals constitute “soft law”, imposing “only” political obligations upon the …
The precautionary principle in biodiversity conservation and natural resource management. An issues paper for policy-makers, researchers and practitioners
… principle in biodiversity and natural resources law and policy 11 Development of the principle in … according to their capabilities: in this international (soft) law formu- lation the capabilities of States, … incorporated into a very wide range of hard and soft law instruments at inter- national, regional and …
Water-related conflict and security in Southern Africa: The SADC Protocol on shared watercourses
… i International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2014 Melissa Lewis, Ed … expertise for the specific exercise of developing this soft-law in- strument. Another relevant example of the … in treaty implementation. The various guidelines and other soft-law instruments, such as model provisions, that have …
The Joensuu negotiation: A mulitlateral simulation exercise: The UN Framework Convention on Transboundary Aquifers
… i International Environmental Law-making and Diplomacy Review 2014 Melissa Lewis, Ed … expertise for the specific exercise of developing this soft-law in- strument. Another relevant example of the … in treaty implementation. The various guidelines and other soft-law instruments, such as model provisions, that have …
Ramsar Technical Report 7: Ramsar Wetland Disease Manual
… manage will be outlined in the disease risk analysis. The soft release technique of temporarily holding released … in addition to standardised health monitoring, this soft release measure allows a period of time during which … online [Accessed April 2012]. � Levine J.F., Law M & Corsin F (2006). Bivalves. In: Invertebrate medicine …
Policy Brief - Bioscience at a Crossroads: Implementing the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing in a Time of Scientific Technological and Industry Chang
… important in the food industry. Photograph: Rachel Wynberg Soft coral, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Photograph: Shutterstock. 12 … contracts. ABS Series no. 4, IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper no. 67.4. IUCN Environmental Law Centre, Bonn, Germany; Newman, D.J. and Cragg, G.M. 2009. …