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Document - The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands: its History and Development
… There would have been little hope of setting up the mechanism of a Convention until a substantial body of … before the European Court of Justice, which can enforce compliance. A comprehensive worldwide “umbrella” treaty … repeated requests and specific recommendations calling for compliance being passed by the preceding Conference. The very …
Statutory recognition of customary land rights in Africa - An investigation into best practices for lawmaking and implementation
… each nation should define for itself the most appropriate mechanism to recognize customary land rights within its … of Land and Forests or DNTF) is charged with supervising compliance with the regulations, including investigating … evidence if either side accuses the other of non-compliance" (Norfolk and Tanner, 2007 at 9). While there is …
Handbook of The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
… by the Ozone Research Managers: (i) Development of a mechanism under the auspices of the World Meteorological … Protocol to request the Ad Hoc Working Group on Non-Compliance with the Montreal Protocol to consider procedures … of the Ad Hoc Working Group of Legal Experts on Non-Compliance with the Montreal Protocol on procedures for …
Guidance to Designated National Authorities on the operation of the Rotterdam Convention
… in the Rotterdam Convention. The Convention provides a mechanism for countries to decide whether or not they wish to … shipments of such pesticide formulations and for ensuring compliance with these decisions by exporting countries. What … shipments of such pesticide formulations and for ensuring compliance with these decisions by exporting countries. What …
Addressing pollution: Governance frameworks, challenges and oppotunities in the context of the 2030 Agenda
… targeted and time-bound actions, while some also include compliance-related actions, monitoring and reporting. Such … A voluntary, non-binding approach However, implementation, compliance and enforcement remain a great challenge, … by upstream actions are often difficult to include in compliance downstream. Plastics in the oceans is a case in …
A Gateway to Payments for Ecosystem Services. Using Payments for Ecosystem Services for Livelihoods and Landscapes
… and Biodiversity Offsets Programme CDM Clean Development Mechanism CES Compensation for Ecosystem Services CGD … projects through the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), bioprospecting deals, and even entrance fees … observable landowner attributes that are correlated with compliance costs; (2) offer landowners a menu of screening …
Water in drylands - Adapting to scarcity through integrated management
… of the climate change and drylands strategy of Jordan in compliance with the UNCCD and the UNFCCC. Despite these … transboundary water management. The network serves as a mechanism for transmitting information and knowledge upwards. … increased availability of new, clean water. The recharge mechanism. See the water brought in from dam gushing in the …
Farmer's Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
… country and the stakeholders involved. The benefit sharing mechanism must be flexible, as it should be determined by the … Agriculture – 6 Community seed/gene banks offer another mechanism for implementing farmer participation in decision- … used for remuneration. Other conditions concern monitoring compliance as a matter of exclusive competence of holders, …
World Wildlife Crime Report - Trafficking in protected species
… of wild fauna and flora, their parts and derivatives…”2 A mechanism for cooperating with “other competent … Furthermore, as a trade agreement, CITES has a powerful compliance mechanism: non-compliant parties may be excluded from the regime. Depending on the nature of the compliance measures agreed by the governing body of CITES, …