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… services in economic terms and we do not understand the trade-offs that we are making when allowing unbridled … at USD 3.87 billion in 1998 (Brevoort, 1998). The global trade in medicinal plants has already grown to well over USD … amphibians, and 8% of threatened mammals. Hunting/trade activities affected 29% of mammals, and 28% of birds …

… 62 1. Fisheries management 62 2. International trade agreements 65 vi 3. Fisheries organizations promoting … 175 1. Fishing by EC/North American/Japanese fleets 175 2. Trade in Namibian fish with the North 176 IV. Case studies on … on Migratory Species, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, or …

… in which they were used. The adoption of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) under the World Trade Organization in the mid 1990s also fundamentally … as agriculture, health, environment, science, technology, trade and industry, may have different policy approaches they …

… draft ABS Law 62 4.7 Enforcement and guarantee 63 4.8 Trade concerns 63 Chapter 5 Conclusions 65 References 67 vii … resources and benefit sharing TRIPS WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of International Property Rights CBD … WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization WTO World Trade Organization xiii A number of issues are clear. For …

… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.5 The Trade-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … determining what outcomes are sought and defining what trade-offs those will entail. A number of considerati- ons … stakeholders start accepting these uncertainties. 1.5 The Trade-offs The provision of environmental flows is not …

… 77 4.8 Trade-offs … authors thank the representatives of companies, industry/trade associations, financial/investor institutions, donors, … can get ahead of their peers. As the World Bank has noted, trade becomes distorted when arid areas continue to produce … in water withdrawals, since in those circumstances trade-offs and compromises will often be necessary. …

… Protocol further attempts to address the problem of trade with countries that are not yet parties to the agreement (“non-parties”). It bans trade in controlled substances with non-parties unless they … with the former General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (“GATT”) rules, now WTO. Article XX (b and g) of GATT …

… such as the multilateral environmental agreements, trade agreements, social and economic frameworks and others. … on Biological Diversity, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, … Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic …

… a shift in the way in which development and conservation trade-offs are calculated is required — moving from … and development sectors are well-aware of these trade-offs — and a host of policies, laws and institutional … measures and indicators have a strong infl uence on how trade-offs in coastal development are conceptualised and …

… within pastoral drylands requires reform of international trade policies that distort agricultural markets and … of pastoralism in a green economy. 2 2 with the globalized trade in animal products and feed crops. This requires … total transactions. Similarly, in Ethiopia the unofficial trade and illegal cross-border sales were estimated at USD …