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Convention on Biological Diversity

… to components of biodiversity (for example a particular species or habitat) as well as to processes and activities … no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable ecosystems and the impacts of fisheries on stocks, … multiple anthropogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea

… of the sea-bed and subsoil together with sedentary species, such as clams and abalone, as provided in article … not authorized to proceed, identification and closure of vulnerable marine ecosystems, such as, seamounts, … UNGA was banning bottom-trawling in areas identified as vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs). UNGA reviewed progress …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

UN Watercourses Convention User’s Guide

… reading 180 Article 22 | Introduction of Alien or New Species 181 22.1 Commentary 181 22.2 Application 182 22.3 … states’ (riparian non-contracting states) when they are vulnerable to transboundary harm through an international … apply to these parties. However, where ‘other states’ are vulnerable to events taking place within an international …
25 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Brochure - Sustainable Ocean Initiative

… recovery plans and measures are in place for all depleted species, fisheries have no significant adverse impacts on threatened species and vulnerable eco- systems and the impacts of fisheries on … anthro- pogenic pressures on coral reefs, and other vulnerable ecosystems impacted by climate change or ocean …
25 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Instruments adopted under the auspices of FAO

… Ports Inspections 4. Conservation and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems Comparison - CBD, FAO and IMO 1. … by way of taking account of associated and dependent species and ecosystems and, of course, by way of striving for … 4. Conservation and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems The FAO International Guidelines …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Case Study - OSPAR - Protecting marine biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction

… network of MPAs are: - to protect, conserve and restore species, habitats and ecological processes which have been … activities; - to prevent degradation of, and damage to, species, habitats and ecological processes, following the … bottom fisheries five areas of the high seas identified as Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) that substantially …
25 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Introduction to Marine Pollution - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… and mysterious, the world’s waters are also delicate and vulnerable. The earth’s oceans and seas need protection by and from the planet’s dominating species. The oceans are thought to have been formed as a … and equipment, sewage, garbage, fumes and invasive exotic species. Dumping is the deliberate disposal of wastes at sea. …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Introduction to the International Legal Framework on Marine Pollution

… and mysterious, the world’s waters are also delicate and vulnerable. The earth’s oceans and seas need protection by and from the planet’s dominating species. The oceans are thought to have been formed as a … and equipment, sewage, garbage, fumes and invasive exotic species. Dumping is the deliberate disposal of wastes at sea. …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Document - Freshwater Law and Governance: Global and Regional Perspectives for Sustainability

… 70 4.1.3. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) ............... 72 4.1.4. … CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CMS Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals COP Conference of the Parties DRP …
25 May 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

Regional Seas Agreements

… Sea is a virtually closed ocean that is highly vulnerable to pollution. Rapid expansion of large cities … countries in the world in terms of terrestrial and plant species. Despite wide disparities in the densities of … and habitats, including endangered and threatened species. The 1999 Protocol concerning Pollution from Land- …
25 May 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater