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Introduction to Freshwater Resources - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… 1. Introduction 2. Regulation 3. The Hydrological Cycle Groundwater 5. Water Scarcity Climate Change 6. Water … action and evaporate, or may percolate downward to become groundwater. The area on the land surface where infiltration … This may lie a considerable distance from the place where groundwater is withdrawn or emerges naturally, for example, …
22 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

UN Watercourses Convention User’s Guide

… watercourse 78 2.1.3 Ecosystem approach 78 2.1.4 Groundwater 79 2.1.5 Scope of parties – watercourse state and … of Transboundary Aquifer 83 Table of Figures Figure 1.6 | Groundwater Resources of the World 83 Figure 1.7 | Treaty … ‘Codification of the Law of Transboundary Aquifers (Groundwater) by the United Nations’, (2011) 36(5) Water …
22 Jun 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… the physical unity of interconnected surface water and groundwater when managing shared freshwater resources. … However it does not apply, strictly speaking, to groundwater that is not connected in some way with surface water, so-called “confined” groundwater. Nevertheless, the ILC annexed a Resolution on …
22 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Document - Freshwater Law and Governance: Global and Regional Perspectives for Sustainability

… Agreement), and the rest pertain to both surface and groundwater. In terms of geographic location, two agreements … Indus Waters Treaty44). Most deal with surface water and groundwater; a few deal only with surface water or only with … management of over 300 basin tributaries and the basin’s groundwater resources. The Danube Convention established the …
22 Jun 2026 Document in Marine and Freshwater

National Regulation of Freshwater resources - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… protection and thus, sustainable development. Groundwater and surface water should not be treated … While there are differences between surface and groundwater that make some provisions applicable only to one … and not the other, water codes should treat surface and groundwater as parts of a unified planning and permit system. …
22 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Ramsar Convention Manual, 6th Edition

… mitigation; shoreline stabilization and erosion control; groundwater recharge and discharge; water purification; … preparations for the 2nd Assessment of Rivers, Lakes, and Groundwater. Coordination among conventions The Ramsar … • adopts further guidance for the Parties, covering groundwater management, river basin management, and rapid …
22 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Case Study - Inland Wetlands in India

… the policy does not consider wetlands as a solution in groundwater recharge and increasing overall freshwater … Kumar, Wetlands International South Asia as recharges groundwater. coots. Over 200 bird species have been recorded … common coot in South India. Ousteri also helps recharging groundwater and maintaining overall hydrological regimes …
22 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Regulation of Freshwater at the Regional and Subregional Levels - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… http://leo.informea.org/terms/groundwater Measures Under the Convention, the Parties shall …
22 Jun 2026 Course lesson in Marine and Freshwater

Document - The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands: its History and Development

… was leading to undesirable consequences - to the loss of groundwater reserves and the consequent need for irrigation, …
22 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity