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Guide for Negotiators of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

… that have been adopted in recent years include the 1998 Agreement on Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain … of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an appendix-driven agreement. Three appendices list animal and plant species in … for the phase-out of ozone-depleting sub- stances. Bilateral environmental agreements (BEAs) also exist, …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

UNEP Guide for Negotiators of Multilateral Environmental Agreements

… that have been adopted in recent years include the 1998 Agreement on Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain … of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an appendix-driven agreement. Three appendices list animal and plant species in … for the phase-out of ozone-depleting sub- stances. Bilateral environmental agreements (BEAs) also exist, …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

UN Treaty Handbook

… 29 5.3 Meaning of "treaty" and "international agreement" under Article 102 .... 30 5.3.1 Role of the … 33 5.5.2 Bilateral treaties … 102 provides that every treaty and every international agreement entered into by a Member of the United Nations, …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Sources of international law (Part I) - extract from InforMEA e-learning course

… of international law 3. Law of Treaties 3.1. Terms Treaty Agreement Convention Charter Protocol Declaration 3.2. Treaty … political or practical significance. For example, a simple bilateral agreement on technical or administrative … the case. The two principal categories of treaties are the bilateral and the multilateral agreements, the former having …
26 May 2026 Course lesson in Environmental Governance

An Explanatory Guide to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

… use 59 Article 7 Application of the Advance Informed Agreement procedure 63 Box 23. What is AIA? 63 Box 24. Is … decisions 93 Article 13 Simplified procedure 97 Article 14 Bilateral, regional and multilateral agreements and … Financial assistance for biosafety: example 177 Box 48. Bilateral assistance for capacity-building in biosafety: …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Food and Agriculture Organization (2016), The guide to National Reporting Obligations

… contact ippc@fao.org for information about a co-publishing agreement. IPPC information products are available on the … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Bilateral National Reporting Obligations . . . . . . . . . . … between IPPC Contracting Parties; + build trust in bilateral relationships between IPPC Contracting Parties over …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Guidance on the Practical Application of the Espoo Convention

… on the practical application of the Convention and on bilateral and multilateral agreements and arrangements and, … into consideration when developing bi- or multilateral agreement s to support the application of the Convention. 1.1 … guidance on practical application of the Convention and on bilateral and multilateral agreements and arrangements in the …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Publication - An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… was adopted in Nagoya, Japan. Being a supplementary agreement to the Convention on Biological Diversity it is one … before, the ABS concept of the CBD is founded on a bilateral relationship between a provider of a genetic … be located in different countries. In such situations, a bilateral ABS approach may appear to some to be unjust, as it …
26 May 2026 Document in Biological Diversity

Mr. Michael Frost, Analysis on the situation of Environmental Human Rights Defenders

… support R o l e o f i n d i v i d u a l s tat e s Bilateral cooperation between States can build the capacity … into environmental institutions and processes. However, bilateral and multilateral agreements between States can also … the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on Climate Change have engendered high expectations …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance

Special Rapporteur on Human Rights Defenders_2016 Report

… 9 and urges the parties to expedite the conclusion of the agreement in the light of the urgency of the situation, … and international support Role of individual States 81. Bilateral cooperation between States can build the capacity … environmental institutions and processes. 82. However, bilateral and multilateral agreements between States can also …
26 May 2026 Document in Environmental Governance