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Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments

… plants themselves, seeds, breeding methods and plant biotechnology." (Janis & Kesan, 2001a, p. 981) Inventions. … in plant varieties 71 relating to plant breeding and biotechnology and its international trade objectives. These … 13.2(d)(ii)) This imposes an obligation in connection with biotechnology patents that is not imposed with other types of …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Explanatory guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… of genetic material and access to technology, including biotechnology.The CBD is a framework agreement. It leaves it … with use and release of living modified organisms from biotechnology with likely adverse environmental effects … biological diversity (Articles 17 and 18); and • encourage biotechnology research, especially in developing countries; …
17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Guide explicatif du Traité International sur les Ressources Phytogénétiques pour l'Alimentation et l'Agriculture

17 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Farmer's Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… should be placed on intensified educational programmes for biotechnology specialists, and strengthening the capabilities …
17 Jun 2026 Document in Biological Diversity