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… 12 4.3 Water Resource tools 13 4.4 Forestry tools 15 4.5 Ecosystem Restoration tools 16 4.6 Protected Area tools 17 … (see section 5.2 ) n Economic tools such as Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) and biodiversity offsets that allow … of Tools and Approaches • Health issues such as urban and indoor air pollution concerns • Equity issues such …

… peatlands, and other carbon sinks), the loss of essential ecosystem services and increases in greenhouse gas emissions … Municipal by- products are produced by the urban population and comprise solid, liquid and gaseous … mainly concerned about tax rates and identifying areas for urban development. There are no national standards or …