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ASEAN Handbook on legal cooperation to combat wildlife crime

… provisions on MLA and could be used as a basis. In practice though, states have generally wanted a bilateral … 194 a. Fisheries Order, 2009 b. Forests Act, Chapter 46 c. Agricultural Pests and Noxious Plants Act, Chapter 43 d. … and Treasure Trove Act, Chapter 31, Revised Edition 2002 2 Agricultural Pests and Noxious Plants Act, Chapter 43, 1971 3 …
31 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Wildlife and Forest Crime Toolkit (Revised Edition)

… countries meet existing international obligations and best practice standards; • Specialized law enforcement agencies, … forests are illegally occupied and converted to land for agricultural use or cattle ranching. 74 Ibid., p. 14. 75 … food inse- curity, unequal distribution of available agricultural lands, economic interests, legal markets of …
31 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

The Enivronmental Crime Crisis - Threats to Sustainable Development from Illegal Exploitation and Trade in Wildlife and Forest Resources. A UNEP Rapid Assessment

… logging and laundering of wood through plantation and agricultural front companies to supply pulp for the paper … used to by-pass logging morato- riums under the pretext of agricultural or palm- oil invest- ments, used to funnel … networks in environ- mental crime, which in many cases in practice constitutes threat finance, too often leads to …
31 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Closing Strategy - Ending Ivory Trade in Hong Kong

… (2014) study of ivory markets in China uncovered a practice of importing expensive ivory items, including raw …
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World Wildlife Crime Report - Trafficking in protected species

… vague, and seem to be applied to a wide range of items in practice, from compounded raw materials to processed … clearance for development projects, timber thinning, or agricultural expan- sion (the “salvage” exception); - -- was … whether productive or not, and excludes tree stands in agricultural produc- tion systems (for example, in fruit …
31 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX