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… ocean ecosystems are vulnerable to human threats such as overfishing, climate change, eutrophication, habitat … of ocean warming. Here, populations expanded due to overfishing of urchin predators (large lobsters), triggering … local stressors such as eutrophication, pollution and overfishing requires more attention. Finally, it is …

… century, catches declined to almost nothing after massive overfishing in the 1960s and 1970s. 15 The United Nations …