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… purposes. Under such a scheme, a shareholder might trade in shares within the catchment, or buy shares from … have also been closely examined for structuring access to trade waste disposal and are being seriously considered by at … complexities of ordering and delivering water prevented trade in irrigation water. Discussion was mainly confined to …

… of costs among involved private parties. A cap- and-trade scheme establishes a cap for water abstraction or … of land cover or manage- ment with desirable ones. Trade-offs are inevitable. These may be between watershed … or management. A useful step to support identification of trade- offs is to describe the various services available …

… of water rights Invariably, water laws enabling the trade of water abstraction rights seek to minimize and to … (2013); a generic direction that an abstraction right trade must not harm the environment is found in the Water Act …

… of the United Nations GATS General Agreement on Trade in Services GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade HIA Health Impact Assessment ICESCR International … WSRA Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (United States) WTO World Trade Organization WUA Water Users’ Association WWAP United …

… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.5 The Trade-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … determining what outcomes are sought and defining what trade-offs those will entail. A number of considerati- ons … stakeholders start accepting these uncertainties. 1.5 The Trade-offs The provision of environmental flows is not …

… 77 4.8 Trade-offs … authors thank the representatives of companies, industry/trade associations, financial/investor institutions, donors, … can get ahead of their peers. As the World Bank has noted, trade becomes distorted when arid areas continue to produce … in water withdrawals, since in those circumstances trade-offs and compromises will often be necessary. …

… does not pretend to offer a blueprint for the complex trade-offs and policy choices involved with mitigating and … legal regimes governing climate change, human rights, trade and intellectual property, and encourage and fund … bodies dealing with human rights, climate change, trade and intellectual property issues (including under the …

… land management practices. Our ability to manage trade-offs at a landscape scale will ultimately decide the … we plan, use, and manage the land. Our ability to manage trade-offs at a landscape scale will ultimately decide the … The rapid expansion of global value chains and associated trade in land commodities (and their “virtual” components) …

… agreed by weighing up environmental, economic and social trade-offs between possible flow regimes. As outlined in … For example, by allowing users to own and in some areas to trade such rights among individuals and water user groups, … in which the parties involved come together to bargain and trade off within their positions aiming to reach an agreement …

… the pollution of various media, the illegal wild- life trade, climate change, and the impacts of armed conflicts on … The Story so Far’, Review 2004, 109–114; Gerhard Loibl, ‘Trade and the Environment – A Difficult Relationship’, Review … Countries’, Review 2007, 143–186; Arielle Delprado, ‘Trade in Chemicals and the Protection of the Environment in …