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… yield increases coupled with greater intensity of fertilizer and pesticide use. While yields did increase … of India is farmland, using an average of 157 kg/ha of fertilizer with more than 36 per cent under irrigation; … China, largely driven by groundwater irrigation and fertilizer use. Together with legal access regulations and …

… the atmosphere. nutrient outflow: the amount of nutrients (fertilizer) flowing from an agricultural watershed into a … In addition to the economic benefit of the water, the fertilizer value of the effluent is important. Typical … an application rate of 5 000 m3/hectares/year, the fertilizer contribution of this effluent would be 250 …

… along waterways, and limiting the amount and timing of fertilizer and pesticide applications, are common in many … with pollution regulations such as discharge limits or fertilizer use near waterways. negotiated. Monitoring and …

… The main cause is thought to be excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff transported by the Mississippi River, … 2004). Innovative programmes are helping to reduce excess fertilizer use and runoff into the ocean. Test programmes run … ‘Nutrient Best Management Practices’ achieved declines in fertilizer use of up to 25 per cent (Larsen 2004). Canada …

… of water from fields into a stream or aquifer – may carry fertilizer and pesticide residues into water sources that are …

… of almost a quarter of all freshwater, crop area and fertilizer currently used for food production. Moreover, …