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… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.5 Frameworks for flow assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.4 The economic rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … flows provide critical contributions to river health, economic deve- lopment and poverty alleviation. They ensure …

… 20 23 23 24 33 38 42 45 47 49 49 50 54 62 66 5 Chapter 4. Economic Principles and Instruments for Sustainable Groundwater Management 4.1 Economic Dimensions of Groundwater 4.2 Socio-Economic Drivers … charge, recharge and changes in storage • Much more robust assessment of aquifer under- standing and water balance, but …

… guide explains the most important techniques for the economic valuation of eco- system services, and how their … Emerton, L., Bos, E. Value. Counting Ecosystems as an Economic Part of Water Infrastructure. IUCN, Gland, … is involving key stakeholders before, during and after an assessment. If their perspectives and interests are …

… iii Message The centrality of water in our lives—social, economic, political and spiritual—cannot be overestimated. … this need. At its core lie three components: assessment, management and co-ordination of actions. All … Its depletion in quantity and quality has profound social, economic and ecological effects. Water is a particularly …

… Disability-adjusted Life Years EIA Environmental Impact Assessment GWD Groundwater Directive IGRAC International … Convention to Combat Desertification UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNEP United Nations … health and more sustainable resource exploitation and economic development. The benefits of incorporating …

… for investment through valuation of watershed services The economic valuation of watershed services can be used to raise … the objectives should be clearly stated and the potential economic, social, health and environmental impacts should be … Payment schemes for watershed services demand careful assessment of how useful and accept- able they are to …

… dignity, without discrimination. As with all socio- economic rights, the rights to water and sanitation entail … countries’ responsibilities and efforts to realise socio-economic rights, including the rights to 5 water and … Basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate …

… 35 6. Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context [Espoo, 25 February … 471 37. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe - Charter on Groundwater … [1994] ............................ 520 41. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe - Guidelines on Monitoring and …

… on evidence of how changes in flow allocation impacts economic, social and environmental factors in the basin. … and related resources, in order to maximize the resultant economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without … and increase capacity to collect and analyze such flow assessment information. This led to the development of a …

… edited from the work done by the Netherlands Environment Assessment Agency (PBL). Alfred Duda contributed in part to … it anymore.” He was absolutely correct. As an engine of economic growth and a source of livelihood for billions … and are often excluded from wider infrastructure and economic development. The scale of rural transformation in …