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… ful in ecological terms because its leaf litter contains chemical exudates and prevents other species from growing. … additional benefits: by screening a larger pro- portion of candidate organisms, the risk of uninten- tional … Process • comprehensiveness: systematic assessment of all candidate organisms (including those to be used for bio- …

… including by burning, cutting, lacerating, or applying chemical irritants, spikes, or screws into the horse’s legs. … to pain by a single blow or gunshot or an electrical, chemical or other means that is rapid and effective, before …

… and conversion. However, some effects, such as those from chemical pollutants, waste or excess nutrients, are more … surveys etc. Identification of the extent of exposure e.g. Chemical concentrations. Identification of the risk … human disturbance. Herding and capturing animals (e.g. chemical immobilisation, corralling, netting, holding, …