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International trade rules and the agriculture sector: selected implementation issues
… a patent system would indeed constrain subsistence farming and imperil the realization of food security. … negotiators, themselves under intense pressure from the farming community in India were strongly opposed to the … of this potential, certification schemes relating to organic, environmental or social responsibility criteria have …
Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments
… for this purpose are made available; to assist farmers and farming communities in the protection and conservation of … with IPRs for plant breeders because many farmers and farming communities do not claim exclusive rights in the … from demanding payment from farmers who engage in certain farming practices, such as saving seeds and planting seeds …
Strategic Report: Environment, Peace and Security - a Convergence of Threats
… Trade POPS Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants REDD Reducing Emissions from Deforestation … resources refer to raw materials that can be either organic (biotic) or inorganic (abiotic), including wood, … (Basel Convention)14 Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPS)15 Rotterdam Convention on Prior …
Wildlife protection and trafficking assessment in Kenya - Drivers and trends of transnational wildlife crime in Kenya and its role as a transit point for trafficked species in East Africa
… intensive crops such as tea, coffee, forestry and flower farming, contributing 27.3% of Kenya’s GDP (GoK, 2015). …