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Energy subsidies: Lessons learned in assessing their impact and designing policy reforms

… 3 In principle, any measure that keeps prices for energy consumers … the highest energy prices, while the agricultural sector pays the lowest. Prices for households and industries are … on polluting activities is one important way of making the polluter pay for that damage. This concept is known as the …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

The environmental impact of economic incentives for agricultural production: a comparative law study

… than any of its irreplaceable value; objectively, he is in principle its closest guardian. 1/ However, this cohabitation … measures take the form of incentives supplied to the polluter, either as subsidies, loans or tax concessions to … of countries that abide by the principle that the polluter pays. 49/ The strict application of this principle, as it is …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Review of laws, policies and economic instruments related to payment for ecosystem services in Vietnam

… Law on Environmental Protection 2005, that implements the “polluter paysprinciple – those who benefit from ecosystem services must …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Economic measures for biodiversity planning: An annotated bibliography of methods, experiences and cases

… the costs of environmental degradation and instituting the polluter-pays principle. They also provide a means for governments to deal …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Payments for Ecosystem Services - Legal and Institutional Frameworks

… which is based on ‘pacta sunt servanda’, a basic legal principle of civil and inter-• national law meaning … In Brazil, the Minas Gerais Water Steward Pro- gramme pays landowners monthly while Project Oasis pays landowners every six months. In Bolivia, in the Los …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

A Gateway to Payments for Ecosystem Services. Using Payments for Ecosystem Services for Livelihoods and Landscapes

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Legal and institutional aspects of urban and peri-urban foresty and greening

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CITES and CBNRM. Proceedings of an international symposium on “The relevance of CBNRM to the conservation and sustainable use of CITES-listed species in exporting countries”

… as well as through agreement on broader concepts such as Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and … Among these principles, it is noteworthy that Practical principle 12 states: “The needs of indigenous and local … World Conservation Monitoring Centre1 Introduction The principle of ‘Permanent Sovereignty’ (the state has the right …
20 Jul 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX