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… slash and burn agriculture, dynamite fishing activities, logging or wetlands conversion to rice patties. In Case Study … resources. Enforcement and penalties for unsustainable or illegal resource use. Livelihood measures Examples: Improving … Examples: Fines and penalties for unsustainable or illegal resource use. Property rights Property rights aim to …

… in the absence of effective enforcement (e.g. to control illegal hunting), unsustainable use and illegal trade, frequently involving members of impoverished … In Tanzania, vested political-economic interests in the logging and charcoal trade, both at national and local …

… exploitation, high timber prices still make unsustainable logging a more fi nancially desirable option. The Livelihoods … food security, cash availability and access to land (17). Logging truck in Harapan, Indonesia. 4 IUCN Forest …

… from one’s property, can here serve as a defence against illegal exploitation. As mentioned before in Chapter 3, … 95 3.5 Protection from Illegal … natural resources is a critical problem in Peru. Illegal logging, for example, is very hard to control and is … exploit specific valuable timber species. These selective logging activities accelerate ecosystem degradation. …

… in most of Africa has been largely attributed to the illegal harvesting of ivory. The decision to ban all trade in … their traditional conservation of the forest and to begin logging it and converting it to cattle pasture. Against this … investments in livestock proved marginal at best and logging was profitable only for the very short term, while …