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… Energy, Ecosystems and Livelihoods INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE WORLD HEADQUARTERS Rue Mauverney 28 … NO. 1 Using economic and fi nancial tools to sustain forest livelihoods and landscapes L. Emerton, K. Faccer and … NO. 1 Using economic and fi nancial tools to sustain forest livelihoods and landscapes L. Emerton, K. Faccer and …

… (kits-02-01) 1 COMMUNITY-BASED INCENTIVES FOR NATURE CONSERVATION by Lucy Emerton IUCN-The World Conservation … and policy instruments for the conservation of Mount Kenya Forest ..29 3.3 Market arrangements between local communities … such as over- grazing, over-fishing, conversion of forest and wetlands to agriculture and unsustainable wildlife …

… international symposium on “The relevance of CBNRM to the conservation and sustainable use of CITES-listed species in … to the conservation of the species and subtropical forest habitats is the programme ELÉ on the Blue- fronted … impact on the Gran Chaco ecosystem (primarily intensive forest use and clearing for crops); and b) The surface area …

… © IUCN – The World Conservation Union, 2000 Page 1 ECONOMIC MEASURES FOR … #3. Adamowicz, W., & Beckley, T. (1998). 'In search of forest resource values of indigenous peoples: are non-market … economic uses of forests have led to patterns of global forest use with many detrimental environmental consequences. …

… 11, Combating Deforestation .............. 10 3.3 Rio's "forest principles" … within the City of Toronto ........ 17 Box 7: National Forest Act of South Africa, section 32 .................. 18 … I would like to thank FAO, in particular, the Forest Conservation Service (FORC) and the Development Law Service …

… Switzerland Copyright: © 2009 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of … Cover layout by: L’IV Com Sàrl Produced by: IUCN Forest Conservation Programme Cover photo: © … forests certified in accordance with the rules of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC). Table of Contents …

… Bonn, Germany Copyright: © 2009 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of … agricultural or cattle-ranching activities, or when forest owners convert their forest land to agricultural land. In these cases, down- …

… 1 The Asia Regional Biodiversity Conservation Programme … Law on Water Resources 1998, the Land Law 2003, the Law on Forest Protection and Development 2004, and the Law on … to communities ensured (Article 59), while the Law on Forest Protection and Development 2004 stipulates that …

… 3. The fishery sector 29 B. Legal measures to promote the conservation of agricultural resources 31 1. Water resources … observed in 1976 that "in the past 25 years world farm, forest and fisheries output has almost doubled. Over the next … massive land clearing and is therefore detrimental to the forest. Thus the increment in cropped area corresponds to a …

… public investment in the energy sector, impeding energy conservation and the expansion of distribution networks. … vegetation varies from bushy steppes in the north to forest stands in the south and southeast. The central part of … with major environmental problems in the case of forest- based wood and charcoal. It also requires substantial …