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Energy subsidies: Lessons learned in assessing their impact and designing policy reforms
… 3 In principle, any measure that keeps prices for energy consumers below market levels or for energy producers … and environmental implications. Lower dependence on conventional fossil fuels would reduce the country’s … Solar energy technology still struggles to compete with conventional fuels. Evidence from the case studies of the net …
The environmental impact of economic incentives for agricultural production: a comparative law study
… is a producer of food but also a consumer of resources and energy. It both gives and receives within a system of … we find taxation related to agriculture, forests, fishing, energy, town planning, etc. Each of these tax provisions has … together with legislation enacting incentive measures for energy conservation and the decentralized production of …
Legal and institutional aspects of urban and peri-urban foresty and greening
… necessity product supply (agricultural products, wood energy and water), erosion, sand encroachment and floods. On … Some of the benefits deriving from urban forests are energy conservation through transpirational cooling (Akbari … process has important implications for household energy consumption patterns in general and wood energy use in …
Markets and Incentives in Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy. Using Economic and Financial Tools to Sustain Forest Livelihoods and Landscapes
… and Incentives in Livelihoods and Landscapes Strategy Energy, Ecosystems and Livelihoods INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR … economic decision-making A fundamental problem is that conventional economic analysis gives little weight to forest … out to distinguish biodiversity products and services from conventional commodities (e.g. intensively produced exotic …
Economic measures for biodiversity planning: An annotated bibliography of methods, experiences and cases
… deforestation, raises significant doubts about many conventional hypotheses in the debate about deforestation. … Economics, Natural Resource Scarcity and Development: Conventional and Alternative Views. Earthscan Publications … GDP. Environmental impacts in the agriculture, forestry, energy and mining sectors amounted to an average of 2.1% of …
Payments for Ecosystem Services - Legal and Institutional Frameworks
… project developers, irrigation districts or the hydro-energy sector, all of which could be dedicated to PES … of this supply in many regions – and on a large scale. Conventional reasoning, which focused on collection, … international investment takes place. The costs for a conventional due diligence process and for additional CDM …
CITES and CBNRM. Proceedings of an international symposium on “The relevance of CBNRM to the conservation and sustainable use of CITES-listed species in exporting countries”
… challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and greening the world economy by … wildlife conservation. There has been a departure from the conventional protectionist approach of “fortress … with a very mixed record of success for other more conventional models of wildlife management. The “null …