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Review of laws, policies and economic instruments related to payment for ecosystem services in Vietnam
… from the harvest of other natural resources, there is no mechanism for them to gain from the production of ecosystem … 1998, the Land Law 2003, the Law on Forest Protection and Development 2004, and the Law on Environmental Protection … and financial incentives for the development and use of clean and renewable energy sources (Article 33.2). None of …
Payments for Ecosystem Services - Legal and Institutional Frameworks
… whatsoever on the part of IUCN or the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) concerning the legal status … ones. Depending on the concrete definition of a PES mechanism, its legislative and practical requirements will … These benefits include the provision of fish and clean water, regulation of hydrological flows and the …
The environmental impact of economic incentives for agricultural production: a comparative law study
… are, therefore, vitally important for agricultural development and for the conservation of the requisite natural … this problem. For example, the United States passed the Clean Air Act in 1970, which has considerably reduced the … in North America. However, the damage avoided by the 1970 Clean Air Act is evaluated at US$ 24 000 million. A study …
Economic measures for biodiversity planning: An annotated bibliography of methods, experiences and cases
… co-operation on biodiversity conservation and sustainable development between the IUCN – The World Conservation Union … Capturing the Hidden Values of Wetland Ecosystems as a Mechanism for Financing the Wise Use of Wetlands. Paper … rationale but it was easy (for financiers) to digest clean technology issues (driven by eco-efficiency). So …
Energy subsidies: Lessons learned in assessing their impact and designing policy reforms
… fuel, government-sponsored technology, or research and development (R&D). Energy subsidies are widespread, but they … http://www.unep.ch/etu 16 17 APM Administered Pricing Mechanism CERC Central Electricity Regulatory Commission CGE … the size of the second biggest category, environmental clean up and restoration as a consequence of coal mining, is …
Community - based incentives for nature conservation
… has become an increasingly important component of rural development activities. Simultaneously there has been a … of goods that they produce and consume through the price mechanism. Community economic activities respond to the … loss. These include the reduction of taxes and duties on clean production technologies and waste treatment equipment, …