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… makers – draft 19 October 2015 1. More than 95% of the urban population in Europe is exposed to concentrations of … Effective reduction of the PM2.5 exposure of the urban population requires emission reductions of precursor … is estimated by IIASA to be about 5 months, but in several urban areas the loss of life expectancy is more than 12 …

… over the oceans. Additional warming occurs in cities and urban areas, often referred to as the ‘urban heat island effect’. An increase in temperature of … with large releases of POP s from households, industry, agriculture or old wastes/deposits. Ecosystems in these areas …

… of California, Berkley), Usha Kiran Chopra (Indian Agriculture research Institute, India), Lisa Emberson … varies by geographical characteristics (for example, sub-urban, rural, remote). To aid future ozone-based risk … mortality in India and China associated with exposure to urban and industrial air pollution. 9.Available information …