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… rates; ocean currents; melting of polar ice caps and mountain glaciers; higher frequency of extreme events; … including increasing climate variability, will also affect biodiversity, and ecosystem composition, function, and … (4) ocean currents, (5) melting of polar ice caps and mountain glaciers, (6) frequency of extreme events, () …

… land and water is causing shifts in ecosystems and loss of biodiversity; plastics in the ocean is on the rise and there … pollutants contribute to air pollution and loss of biodiversity (Vet 2014). Similarly there have been great … used for livestock management. These degrade soil biodiversity and functioning, and can reduce agricultural …