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… remains indispensable, as a substantial part of health and ecosystem impacts is caused by transboundary transport of … particles are comparable to the acidification of lakes and forest soils that was revealed in the 1970s. This … of the water. In the 1980s the acidification of forest soils was identified in large parts of Europe. These …

… climate variability, will also affect biodiversity, and ecosystem composition, function, and vulnerability. Toxicity … have been identified, such as PCdd s and PCdF s from forest fires (Hung et al., 2010). The geographical occurrence … leaf- bearing plants in Arctic regions may promote this ‘forest pump effect’ from atmosphere to soil. 2. Wind fields …

… nutrient cycling, changes in ecosystems productivity ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IMPACTED EFFECTS ON HUM AN HEALTH … prey dynamics, productivity of soil and livestock. ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IMPACTED EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH Leaching, … agricultural chemicals and pesticides. This poses risks to ecosystem services such as litter breakdown and nutrient …

… Australia and Brazil from exposure to smoke from forest fires, bush fires, and agricultural burning; increased …