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… human populations and ecosystems are foreseen. While the level of scientific understanding associated with each … increase by considerably more (iPCC, 2007). A 10 °C rise in ambient temperature will result in an approximate … Bogdal et al., 2009). It is also widely expected that sea ice melting will facilitate more ship traffic and oil and …

… and flame retardants which may be slowly released into the sea. Plastics can also adsorb POPs such as PCB, DDT and … Marine plastic debris has been a growing concern since the rise of the plastic industry in the mid-1950s. Now, …

… International Conference on the Protection of the North Sea adopted the so-called precautionary principle as part of … (that is, there is no safe or no observed adverse effect level). Risk managers are, therefore, faced with two choices: … on the northern fringe of the state has soils that do not rise very much above sea level. Steady coastal retreat is …