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Towards a strategy for high seas marine protected areas: Proceedings of the IUCN, WCPA and WWF Experts Workshop on High Seas Marine Protected Areas

… is expected to double in twenty years. Ship generated pollution including spills, intentional discharges, and noise 4 Bertrand Richer de Forges, J. Anthony Koslow, & … vii) pollution (atmospheric deposition, ship-generated, noise) ; and viii) the impacts of climate change. Identified …
21 Jun 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Croatia and marine protected areas: Legal and insituttional framework assessment for conservation of coastal and marine biodiversity and establishment of MPAs

… to enforce regulations in Marine Protected Areas (e.g. pollution), they need to be identified and applied using … with generator blades or their habitat quality is altered (noise, disturbance, habitat fragmen- tation because of … corridors, and animals are disturbed by the operation and noise of wind farms and ac- cess roads. According to the …
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Large-scale marine protected areas - Guidelines for design and management

… threats such as overfishing, habitat destruction and pollution. In addition, climate change, inclusive of sea … • Habitat destruction and degradation. • Underwater noise. The number of managers and scientists in the marine … threats to marine mammals, such as ship strikes, noise, or by-catch, by using non-spatial tools and national, …
21 Jun 2026 Literature

Framework for Assessing and Improving Law for Sustainability - A Legal Component of a Natural Resource Governance Framework

… well as weather patterns. Land, air, freshwater and marine pollution further threatens conditions in the natural … physical destruction and alteration of habitats, marine pollution, introduction of exotic species and overuse of … policy instruments mixes; a methodology illustrated by noise policy in the Netherlands’. Journal of Environmental …
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Guidelines for applying protected area management categories

… sites include fishing, dredging, diving and underwater noise. A number of countries have enshrined three-dimensional … on the world’s oceans through fishing pressure and pollution. If the impacts of transboundary air pollution and climate change are factored in, the entire …
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Aquaculture - site selection and site management

… to identify and locate possible external sources of pollution which could affect water quality and therefore the … different activities of the economic value of changes in pollution, biodiversity and risk profiles. Although the … fish at the cage site with guns, which produces temporary noise impacts. Usually there is no air pollution. Mitigation …
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European Union overseas coastal and marine protected areas - overview of coastal and marine conservation efforts in the European Union's overseas countries and territories and outermost regions

… disturbance (e g direct or indirect impacts, underwater noise, light pollution etc ), works or facilities and capable of retaining … activities, including marine debris and nutrient pollution • by 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine …
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Guidelines for Protected Areas Legislation

… 73/78 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of … the introduction of invasive alien species, on-site pollution, mineral resource extraction, unsustainable use of … mining or other extractive activities, underwater noise, dredging and fishing (Dudley, 2008, p. 9). Second, the …
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