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… Farmers´ Rights in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources … on the Right to Food, submitted to the Commission on Human Rights, urged that Farmers’ Rights be promoted as part … rights being established on a firm footing” (Commission on Human Rights, 1999). 1.5.1 Agenda 21 Agenda 21 was adopted at …

… OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2004 Intellectual property rights in plant varieties International legal regimes and … by governmental authorities to control certain products of human intellectual effort and ingenuity. (OECD 1996, p. 12). … underlie the decision to grant IPRs in the products of human intellectual effort and ingenuity. Elements of these …

… Equitable benefit sharing 37 4.3.1.4 Intellectual property rights of local communities 37 4.3.2 Implementation problems … 57 PART III Social Issues: ABS and Livelihoods 59 7 The Human Rights Implications of Access to Genetic Resources and … Utilization Annalisa Savaresi 61 7.1 Introduction 61 7.2 Human rights obligations 62 7.2.1 Self-determination 62 7.2.2 …

… WTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6 Intellectual Property Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … can apply are those that are: � necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health; � relating to the … legitimate objectives, which includes protection of human health or safety, animal or plant life or health, or …

… and sustainable utilization of PGRFA 14 Farmers’ Rights 14 Multilateral System of Access and Benefit Sharing … Diversity. As such, this Treaty contributes to improv- ing human livelihoods, preventing hunger and conserving … generations. PGRFA also depend on con- tinued and active human management. Without that human care and selection, …

… Peoples Convention (No 169) 25 4.4 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples 25 iiCommunity Protocols for … biodiversity, natural resource management, climate change, human rights, and planning and development. Discussion is … For example, the Potato Park ICA includes articles from human rights law, the right to food, the Food and …

… 97 4.1.2.7 Certificate systems that create valuable rights 99 4.2 Applying the lessons from other certificate and … GR genetic resource IDHGD International Declaration on Human Genetic Data INBio National Biodiversity Institute … from the evolution of defensive strategies and not from human institutions. One can illustrate this point by a …

… Greiber) Information Paper 6 – Intellectual Property Rights Issues 41 (Claudio Chiarolla) Information Paper 7 – … i.e. development of new variations within non-human species through genetic modification techniques (e.g. … i.e. creating new varieties, breeds, or strains of non-human species with particular characteristics through sexual …

… have emerged over the years, a crucial one being patent rights. The Division of Environmental Law and Conventions … mental challenges. In this perspective, the role of patent rights in connection with climate change is obscured by a … with respect to building the scientific and technological human capacity in specific fields, which re- quires access to …