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… exist outside these regions; • Many economically important farming systems are based on crop species in- troduced from … found. This chapeau also acknowledges that in some cases cooperative action with other Con- tracting Parties may well … of Article 21 on compliance. Article 21 provides for cooperative and effective procedures and operational mecha- …

… and communities. Given the major role played by local farming communities in conserving AnGR, those communities … legislation establishing specialized institutions, such as cooperative societies that play a role in animal and … Such associations will be considered by the state as cooperative associations and will be officially recognized. …

… countries and people; it is about pooling collaborative, cooperative and common action. The Treaty provides a … agrobi- odiversity – always keeping in focus the needs of farming communities, the poor and the hungry, and their right … multilat- eralism. And it is this kind of collective and cooperative action, oriented towards the attainment of common …

… including: agricultural policies that promote diverse farming systems; research that benefits crop diversity and …

… and reproduction of plant genetic resources by a farmer or farming community based on phenotypic traits and not … genetic methods, qualify as “utilization”. Similarly, fish farming while serving the purpose of producing fish for human … pooled in a national benefit-sharing fund or other cooperative arrangements and be distributed in line with …

… for this purpose are made available; to assist farmers and farming communities in the protection and conservation of … with IPRs for plant breeders because many farmers and farming communities do not claim exclusive rights in the … from demanding payment from farmers who engage in certain farming practices, such as saving seeds and planting seeds …

… in the Host-Country Context 269 7.1 The International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups Program: A unique model for … contracts, are coverage, enforcement and provisions for farming communities. 1.4.1.1 Coverage From the ABS … reflect a nonbinding ongoing relationship, goodwill or cooperative mechanism between conservation NGOs (and …