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A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows
… determine what constitutes an essential contribution. In principle, if the same discovery/invention could have … expected value is much higher. Border controls, while in principle appealing as check points, present a number of … on sales, Q) less costs (the share of royalties, c, it pays to the Communities). However, Q is also a function of c. …
Covering ABS: Addressing the need for sectoral, geographical,legal and international integration in the ABS regime - papers and studies of the ABS Project
… munity to work together, and to evoke the precautionary principle to ensure that entire thriving seamount ranges are … for his work with them. Thus, the genetic resource user pays only the country or community from which he collects the … party who controls the legal action is also the party that pays for it. Governments do not normally take action to …
Beyond access : Exploring implementation of the fair and equitable sharing commitment in the CBD
… Article 15.7 to adopt user-side measures – this is a basic principle underlying the work of this book. In the end, such … for $ 35. This would mean that, effectively, the user pays $85 and the source country receives $ 115 – everybody is … source of pollution must be brought in the country of the polluter, unless some special agreement with that country is …
Plant genetic resources and food security: stakeholder perspectives on the international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture
… Securityxxvi multilateralism that harnesses both power and principle. A multilateral- ism that recognizes the … what is contained in the multilateral system and who pays? Is there a free-rider problem and how is this to be … through the system. So, who feels responsible and who pays? The answer to this question is that the Treaty itself …
An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing
… their subsequent use. The concept of PIC is based on the principle that prior to potential users getting access to … over their genetic resources, due to the territoriality principle they are hampered in monitoring and controlling the … them in the international regime” (the bricks, agreed in principle) and those calling “for further consideration” (the …
The legal framework for the management of animal genetic resources
… of heredity. The cornerstone of the Convention is the principle of the sovereign right of states to exploit their … to take decisions on imports based on the precautionary principle, in relation to both LMOs to be introduced into the … on agriculture as a prime land user and a potential polluter or degrader. There is also legislation implementing …