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… UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2004 Intellectual property rights in plant varieties International legal regimes and policy … I: LEGAL AND POLICY CONCEPTS RELATING TO THE PROTECTION OF PLANT VARIETIES AND PLANT BREEDERS’ RIGHTS … 33 2.3.1. TRIPs as a spur to plant variety protection ..................... 33 2.3.2. Patent …

… u e s i n a g r i c u l t u r a l b i o d i v e r s i t y Plant Genetic Resources and Food Security stakeholder perspectives on the international treat y on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture edited by … She has contributed towards the establishment of a plant variety protection system in India. She was a member of …

… Explanatory Guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Gerald Moore … 13:29:00 Explanatory Guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Explanatory … into any one successful product. In- deed a new plant variety can often be the prod- uct of generations of breeding …

… negotiations needed? 29 1.4 The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 30 1.4.1 … exception 34 1.4.3 Mutually agreed terms for acquiring plant germplasm 34 1.4.4 Pre-agreed benefit-sharing 35 … proper- ties of a particular species, subspecies, or variety, having only taken (either with or without payment) a …

… categories of utilization of genetic resources 66 4.2.2.2 Plant genetic resources as a particular category 67 4.2.2.3 … 124 6.5.3.2 The Fund under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources 124 6.5.3.3 Special collections for … of the user side of ABS; and, • (perhaps most important) a variety of recom- mendations and options about how …

… List of Acronyms viii ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture IVM/IFM in … Office International des Epizooties OPU Ovum Pick-Up PGR Plant Genetic Resources PIC Prior Informed Consent SARD … and those constituting the agro-ecosystem: the variety and variability of animals, plants and micro- …

… property rights ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture MTA material … and documentation system PIC prior informed consent PBR plant breeders’ rights PCT Patent Cooperation Treaty PGRFA … is data exchange. Data needs to be exchanged for a variety of reasons, from validation of results to expansion …

… a balanced view of these contri butions, considering a variety of factors linking the participants in ABS processes … generally recognized only two kingdoms of life (animal and plant). When the final text of the UN Con- vention on the Law … the only region in the world in which there is an entire plant phylum. It has the high- est recorded species diversity …

… a key role in the selection, improvement and adaptation of plant varieties often managing a very diverse range of … than 600 varieties of beans, and Peruvian Aguaruna women, plant more than 60 varieties of manioc.6 In many regions, … and agro-climatic conditions, and preserve them with a variety of traditional methods. Indigenous women also …

… and a guide to our actions. • Mother Earth and all human, plant and animal relatives are sacred, sovereign, respected, … expertise, communities are also able to learn about a variety of rights under international and national law that … 2 8. Biocultural Community Protocol of Gunis and Medicinal Plant Conservation Farmers of Rajasthan, India. For more …