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The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction

… reduce marine pollution of all kinds, in particular from land-based activities, including marine debris and nutrient … marine scientific research. All States, whether coastal or land-loc- ked, have the freedom of navigation and over- … law” m Continental shelf: The natural prolongation of the land territory to the outer edge of the continental margin, …
25 May 2026 Literature

Bio-Cultural Community Protocols: A community approach to Ensuring the Integrity of Environmental Law and Policy

… to access TK or any other intended activity on their land, such as the establishment of a REDD project or a … rather an understanding of the self as integrated with the land and embedded within an ethical relationship. TK then is … situations, BCPs could assist communities in demanding the restoration of traditional land and resource rights over all …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Explanatory guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

… changing agricul- tural practices and loss of agricultural land. The use of genetically modified organisms in cen- tres … who is engaged in the conservation of genetic resources of land races and wild relatives of economic plants and their … without any MTA; Article 15.1(b)(ii) allows for the restoration of genetic resources to Parties that supplied the …
25 May 2026 Literature See it in ECOLEX · This content is provided by ECOLEX

Plant genetic resources and food security: stakeholder perspectives on the international treaty on plant genetic resources for food and agriculture

… Poland, Romania, Samoa, Senegal, South Africa, Switzer- land, Tanzania (United Republic of), the United Kingdom, the … some of the largest deserts, highest mountains and deepest land depressions in the world. Although the region is … overlooking Covent Garden (in the cheap days before the restoration) in London only to find the office door absent …
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Covering ABS: Addressing the need for sectoral, geographical,legal and international integration in the ABS regime - papers and studies of the ABS Project

… and needs 48 5.5.1 Governance in remote areas 48 5.5.2 Land tenure and ownership 49 5.5.3 Overlapping … of ecosystem factors that may contribute to either their restoration or their continued destruction is not yet well … became common to drive automobiles on lakes as well as on land, the legal problem created would involve (i) evaluating …
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Intellectual property rights in plant varieties: International legal regimes and policy options for national governments

… seeds saved from prior purchases to be used on their own land holdings, while others allow them not only to replant … permitting farmers to save and reuse seeds on their own land without the patent owner’s permission, another exception …
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An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing

… rights regarding access to biological resources on private land or to create specific rights over the genetic resources … knowledge or any other intended activity on their land occurs according to their customary laws. Overall, BCPs … carried out, the issue of liability and redress, including restoration and compensation, for damage to biological …
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IUCN Information Papers on Marine Genetic Resources

… 36 known phyla are found in the oceans versus 17 found on land). Marine areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) tend … used for ecosystem management such as rivers and pastoral land (Ostrom, 1990). Nowadays, pool systems are also …
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Contracting for ABS: The legal and scientific implications of bioprospecting contracts

… virtually all countries the rules gov- erning ownership of land and permanently constructed improvements are very … are governed by each country’s existing ‘real property’ (land and buildings) law. Neither claim is generally supported … knowl- edge. The objective of the repatriation is the restoration of these components of the system 39 …
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