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A moving target : Genetic resources and options for tracking and monitoring their international flows
… highlighted here correspond to the blue (marine) or white (industrial) biotechnological sectors, while some of the … resources. Recently, and given developing technologies and industrial needs, micro-organisms and genetic resources in … been contaminated by unpermitted discharges of hazardous waste must pay the price of cleaning up that waste, even if …
The long and winding road: negotiating a treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction
… (MSR) is generally conducted at a smaller scale than industrial activi- ties and the overall impacts are thought … particles, indus- trial, agricultural and residential waste); vessels; exploration and exploitation of natural … global average tem- perature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the tempera- …
Introduction to the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits
… mass) are: land-based (82%), vessel-based (9%), dumping of waste at sea (8%) and off-shore activity (1%). Land-based sources include sewage outfalls, industrial discharges, runoff from urban stormwater and … the operation of a vessel for the purpose of discharging waste, as that is dumping. Pollution from vessels can take …
IUCN Information Papers on Marine Genetic Resources
… technology and the use of key proteins and enzymes in industrial processes have the ability to change our current … was primarily harvested as seafood may also provide fish waste that can be used downstream for research on its MGR … from ABNJ. Table 2: Overview of Potential Market Value per Industrial Sector Industrial Sector Potential Market Value in …
The legal framework for the management of animal genetic resources
… the only available source of fuel. Domestic animal waste products serve also as a source of fertilizer and soil … indications, including appellations of origin; (4) industrial design; (5) patents, including the protection of … subject to the normal tests of novelty, inventiveness and industrial applicability. Members may exclude certain …
Addressing the problems of access : Protecting sources, while giving users certainty
… work of national ABS legislation or in the context of industrial property law.66 Emblematic cases such as Maca in … or species or synthesized for use in some scientific or industrial purpose (although it is not clear if there should … to aca- demic research and the flexibility to pursue industrial development of potential discoveries, while …
Covering ABS: Addressing the need for sectoral, geographical,legal and international integration in the ABS regime - papers and studies of the ABS Project
… number of representatives of govern- ments, civil society, industrial/commercial sector, and the research community, … proven in some cases to result in extremely high levels of industrial/commercial profit. Since 1992 (the year of the … is found in inverse proportion to technological and industrial wealth, the biologically rich South has argued …
Contracting for ABS: The legal and scientific implications of bioprospecting contracts
… to utilize its genetic re- sources permanently. - Modern industrial and commercial development processes can often … … for chemical, pharmaceutical and/or other non-food/feed industrial uses’;86 or - In the case of ‘multiple-use crops’ … to degrade organopollutants in ra- dioactive, mixed-waste environments (Cavicchioli and Thomas 2000). Genetic …
An Explanatory Guide to the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing
… and not for chemical, pharmaceutical, and other industrial uses beyond food and animal feed (Article 12(3)(a) … meaning the idea must be non-obvious/“new enough”; and � industrial applicability, meaning it must be useful. … of chemical, pharmaceutical, and/or other non-food/ feed industrial uses (Article 12(3)(a) of the ITPGRFA). Therefore, …